Part A:
Consider from x = -5 to x = -4, they are 1 unit apart and the difference of their outputs is given by:
-3 - (-11) = -3 + 11 = 8.
Thus, the value of the output increases by 8 units for each one unit increase in the input.
Part B:
Consider from x = -3 to x = -1, they are 2 units apart and the difference of their outputs is given by:
21 - 5 = 16.
Thus, the value of the output increases by 16 units for each two units increase in the input.
Part C:
Consider from x = 0 to x = 3, they are 3 units apart and the difference of their outputs is given by:
53 - 29 = 24.
Thus, the value of the output increases by 24 units for each three units increase in the input.
Part D:
It can be noticed that the ratio difference in the outputs to the input intervals are equal for all the given input intervals.
i.e 8 / 1 = 16 / 2 = 24 / 3.
Compute successive differences of the terms.
If they are all the same, the sequence is arithmetic and the common difference is the difference you have found.
If successive pairs of differences have the same ratio, the sequence is geometric and the common ratio is the ratio you have determined.
Example of arithmetic sequence:
1, 3, 5, 7
Successive differences are 3-1 = 2, 5-3 = 2, 7-5 = 2. All the differences are 2, which is the common difference of the sequence.
Example of geometric sequence:
1, -3, 9, -27
Successive differences are -3-1 = -4, 9-(-3) = 12, -27-9 = -36. These are not the same, so the sequence is not arithmetic. Ratios of successive pairs of differences are 12/-4 = -3, -36/12 = -3. These are the same, so the sequence is geometric with common ratio -3.
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