Answer:
It is called force of friction
Explanation:
The force of friction is a force that acts between two objects whose surfaces are in contact with each other.
Consider the typical case of an object sliding along a certain surface. There are two types of frictions:
- Static friction: this is the force of friction that acts when the object is not in motion yet. If you push the object forward with a force F, the object will not move immediately, but it will "oppose" to this motion with a force of static friction exactly equal to the push applied:

However, this force of static friction has a maximum value, which is given by

where
is the coefficient of static friction
N is the normal reaction exerted by the surface on the object
So, when
becomes greater than
, the static friction is no longer able to balance the push applied, and the object will start sliding forward.
- Kinetic friction: this is the force of friction that acts when the object is already in motion. Its magnitude is given by

where
is the coefficient of kinetic friction, and its value is generally smaller than
. The direction of this force is also opposite to the direction of motion of the object.
Answer:
a) 39.6 m/s b) 4123 N
Explanation:
a) At the top of the loop, all of the forces point downwards (force of gravity and normal force).
Fnet=ma
ma=m(v^2/R) (centripetal acceleration)
mg=m(v^2/R)
m cancels out (this is why pilot feels weightless) so,
g=(v^2/R)
9.8 m/s^2 = v^2/160 m
v^2=1568 m^2/s^2
v=39.6 m/s
b) At the bottom of the loop, the normal force and the force of gravity point in opposite directions. The normal force is the weight felt.
Convert 300 km/hr to m/s
300 km/hr=83.3 m/s
Convert pilot's weight into mass:
760 N = 77.55 kg
Fnet=ma
n-mg=m(v^2/R)
n=(77.55 kg)(((83.3 m/s)^2)/160 m)+(77.55 kg)(9.8 m/s^2)
n=3363.2 N+760 N=4123 N
Answer:
0.02896 kg/s
Explanation:
= Initial displacement = 0.5 m
= Final displacement = 0.1 m
t = Time taken = 0.5 s
m = Mass of object = 45 g
Displacement is given by

At maximum displacement


The magnitude of the damping coefficient is 0.02896 kg/s
Answer:

Explanation:
For this case we have the following info given:
Number of Na+ ions 
Each ion have a charge of +e and the crage of the electron is 
The time is given
if we convert this into seconds we got:

Now we can use the following formula given from the current passing thourhg a meter of nerve axon given by:

Where N represent the number of ions, e the charge of the electron and Q the total charge
If we replace on this case we have this:

And from the general definition of current we know that:

And since we know the total charge Q and the time we can replace:

The current during the inflow charge in the meter axon for this case is 