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Darya [45]
3 years ago
6

When naming organic compounds, there are strict rules regarding punctuation.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Anna11 [10]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

3-ethyl-2-methylhexane

Explanation:

The IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes are given as follows:

  • Select the longest possible carbon chain.
  • For the number of carbon atom, we add prefix as 'meth' for 1, 'eth' for 2, 'prop' for 3, 'but' for 4, 'pent' for 5, 'hex' for 6, 'sept' for 7, 'oct' for 8, 'nona' for 9 and 'deca' for 10.
  • A suffix '-ane' is added at the end of the name.
  • If two of more similar alkyl groups are present, then the words 'di', 'tri' 'tetra' and so on are used to specify the number of times these alkyl groups appear in the chain.
  • <u>The numbers are separated by the comma and the number and the letter are separated by the hyphen.</u>

Hence, the given name is:- 3ethyl2methylhexane

By using the last rule, the correct name is:-

<u>3-ethyl-2-methylhexane</u>

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Answer:

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Explanation:

To balance, start of with the groups that are common on both sides of the reaction equation;

In this case, these are the SO4 groups treating them as single units;

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Thirdly, we notice the C are already balanced as there are 2 on each side so this is fine;

Lastly, we can deal with the O and H;

Bearing in mind the numbers that are in front of the molecules now from prior balancing, there are 9 O and 16 H on the left side and 3 O and 5 H on the right;

7 H2O on the right side would balance the O, but gives us 18 H, which is 2 too many H;

If we were to put 2 in front of the two organic molecules (the ones with C) on either side, we would balance the O by having 6 H2O, but this gives 2 fewer H than necessary;

In order for the H to balance, we need to have 13/2 (or 6.5) H2O, which means we need 3/2 (or 1.5) in front of each organic molecule;

Since, it is not sensible to have 13/2 water molecules or 3/2 organic molecules, we can just multiply everything by 2;

Thus we end up with:

3 CH3CH2OH + 4 H2CrO4 + 6 H2SO4 --> 3 CH3COOH + 2 Cr2(SO4)3 + 13 H2O

Rules of thumb:

- When there are common chemical groups (e.g. SO4) on both sides of a reaction equation, treat them as single units

- Start of with balancing these common groups

- Thereafter, balance the atoms that appear in only one reactant and one product

- Proceed to balance the atoms that appear in more than one reactant or product

- Typically, you should deal with the O and H last

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