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3 years ago

From the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, explain how the ratio [Al/[HA] changes with changing pH

Chemistry

1 answer:

Kryger [21]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

The ratio [A-]/[HA] increase when the pH increase and the ratio decrease when the pH decrease.

Explanation:

Every weak acid or base is at equilibrium with its conjugate base or acid respectively when it is dissolved in water.

$HA + H_{2}O$ ⇄ $A^{-} + H_{3}O^{+}$

This equilibrium depends on the molecule and it acidic constant (Ka). The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation,

$pH = pKa + Log \frac{[A^{-}]}{[HA]}$

shows the dependency between the pH of the solution, the pKa and the concentration of the species. If the pH decreases the concentration of protons will increase and the ratio between A- and AH will decrease. Instead, if the pH increases the concentration of protons will decreases and the ratio between A- and AH will increase.

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Which substance loses electrons in a chemical reaction? the one that is oxidized, which is the oxidizing agent the one that is r

victus00 [196]

Answer:

The one that is oxidized or the reducing agent

Explanation:

Oxidation results in loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state.

Reduction results in gain of electrons or decrease in oxidation state.

The element that undergoes oxidation is said to oxidised, similarly the element that undergoes reduction is said to be reduced.

In a redox reaction, both oxidation and reduction takes place.

If a substrate undergoes oxidation or is oxidised, it is also responsible for reduction of the other species, as the total number of electrons should always be conserved.

The substance that undergoes oxidation, releases some electrons, these electrons are taken by the other substrate and it undergoes reduction.

Hence the substance that undergoes oxidation is called the reducing agent, as it is responsible for reduction of other substrate, when oxidizing itself.

Similar thought works for a substance that undergoes reduction or is reduced, works as an oxidizing agent.

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3 years ago

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A chemist must dilute of aqueous sodium carbonate solution until the concentration falls to . He'll do this by adding distilled

Mademuasel [1]

The question is incomplete, complete question is :

A chemist must dilute 73.9 mL of 400 mM aqueous sodium carbonate solution until the concentration falls to 125 mM . He'll do this by adding distilled water to the solution until it reaches a certain final volume. Calculate this final volume, in liters. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

Answer:

The final volume of the solution will be 0.236 L.

Explanation:

Concentration of sodium carbonate solution before dilution = $M_1= 400 mM$

Volume of sodium carbonate solution before dilution = $V_1=73.9 mL$

Concentration of sodium carbonate solution after dilution = $M_2= 125 mM$

Volume of sodium carbonate solution after dilution = $V_2=?$

Dilution equation is given by:

$M_1V_1=M_2V_2$

$V_2=\frac{M_1V_1}{M_2}$

$V_2=\frac{400 mM\times 73.9 mL}{125 mM}= 236.48 mL\approx 236 mL$

1 mL = 0.001 L

236 mL = 0.236 L

The final volume of the solution will be 0.236 L.

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3 years ago

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nevsk [136]

Answer:

Physical properties are controlled by the mineral's chemical composition and atomic structure, this combination is distinct in each mineral.

Explanation:

Hello,

Since the physical properties depend on the mineral's chemical composition and the atomic structure (molecular arrangement), we can distinguish different minerals by measuring out hardness, cleavage and other properties in order to analyze their behavior under several conditions and subsequently use them in a particular application.

Best regards.

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3 years ago

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expeople1 [14]

The periodic trend of reactivity depends on whether the elements are metals or nonmetals. For metals, reactivity increases down a group and from right to left across a period. Nonmetals do the opposite. For nonmetals, reactivity increases up a group and from left to right across a period. Therefore, the rank is as follows:

Fluorine

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3 years ago

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Basile [38]

Answer:

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