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3 years ago

Explain with schematics the operating principle of solid state lasers.

Engineering

1 answer:

alina1380 [7]3 years ago

7 0

Explanation:

A solid state laser contains a cavity like structure fitted with spherical mirrors or plane mirrors at the end filled with a rigidly bonded crystal. It uses solid as the medium. It uses glass or crystalline materials.

It is known that active medium used for this type of laser is a solid material. This lasers are pumped optically by means of a light source which is used as a source of energy for the laser. The solid materials gets excited by absorbing energy in the form of light from the light source. Here the pumping source is light energy.

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What are the 3 dimensions that used in isometric sketches?

noname [10]

Answer:

The three dimensions shown in an isometric drawing are the height, H, the length, L, and the depth, D

Explanation:

An isometric drawing of an object in presents a pictorial projection of the object in which the three dimension, views of the object's height, length, and depth, are combined in one view such that the dimensions of the isometric projection drawing are accurate and can be measured (by proportion of scale) to draw the different views of the object or by scaling, for actual construction of the object.

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3 years ago

What is chemical engineering

viktelen [127]

Answer:

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Explanation:

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4 years ago

Copper spheres of 20-mm diameter are quenched by being dropped into a tank of water that is maintained at 280 K . The spheres ma

Ivenika [448]

Answer:

The height of the water is 1.25 m

Explanation:

copper properties are:

Kc=385 W/mK

D=20x10^-3 m

gc=8960 kg/m^3

Cp=385 J/kg*K

R=10x10^-3 m

Water properties at 280 K

pw=1000 kg/m^3

Kw=0.582

v=0.1247x10^-6 m^2/s

The drag force is:

$F_{D} =\frac{1}{2} Co*p_{w} A*V^{2}$

The bouyancy force is:

$F_{B} =V*p_{w} *g$

The weight is:

$W=V*p_{c} *g$

Laminar flow:

$v_{T} =\frac{p_{c}-p_{w}*g*D^{2} }{18*u} =\frac{(8960-1000)*9.8*(20x10^{-3})^{2} }{18*0.00143} =1213.48 m/s$

Reynold number:

$Re=\frac{1000*1213.48*20x10^{-3} }{0.00143} \\Re>>1$

Not flow region

For Newton flow region:

$v_{T} =1.75\sqrt{(\frac{p_{c}-p_{w} }{p_{w} })gD }=1.75\sqrt{(\frac{8960-1000}{1000} )*9.8*20x10^{-3} } =2.186m/s$

$Re=\frac{1000*2.186*20x10^{-3} }{0.00143} =30573.4$

$Pr=\frac{\frac{u}{p} }{\frac{K}{pC_{p} } } =\frac{u*C_{p} }{k} =\frac{0.0014394198}{0.582} =10.31$

$Nu=2+(0.4Re^{1/2} +0.06Re^{2/3} )Pr^{2/5} (u/us)^{1/4} \\Nu=2+(0.4*30573.4^{1/2}+0.06*30573.4^{2/3} )*10.31^{2/5} *(0.00143/0.00032)^{1/4} \\Nu=476.99$