Answer: B. Unsaturated
Explanation: in a saturated/super saturated solution, more solute will not be able to dissolve.
The answer to this question would be: isotonic
An isotonic solution has a same tonicity/concentration to the cell. This kind of solution will not cause osmosis to occur so it wouldn't shrink or swell the cells. This is why an isotonic solution is safer for the cells. The normal saline solution is isotonic to human cells and used frequently in medicine to replace body fluid.
Difference between Gas and Vapour:
Gas:
A thermodynamic state in which a substance exists only in one phase i.e. Gas phase. In above given examples N₂, He and CO₂ exists as gases at room temperature. These gases cannot form a solid or liquid phase along with gas phase as these states requires very low temperatures.
Vapours:
It is a thermodyanamic state in which a substance exists in more than one phase. In given options Sulfur can exist in vapor state. This is because sulfur exists in a cyclic or chain form due to catenation (self linkage property). Therefore, a lower members of S allotrops can form a vapours.
In Thomson's experiment, he showed that an electrical current can be made to flow from a positive site to a negative site.
<u>Answer:</u> The amount of heat required to warm given amount of water is 470.9 kJ
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the mass of water, we use the equation:
Density of water = 1 g/mL
Volume of water = 1.50 L = 1500 mL (Conversion factor: 1 L = 1000 mL)
Putting values in above equation, we get:
To calculate the heat absorbed by the water, we use the equation:
where,
q = heat absorbed
m = mass of water = 1500 g
c = heat capacity of water = 4.186 J/g°C
= change in temperature = 
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the amount of heat required to warm given amount of water is 470.9 kJ
