The most common method astronomers use to determine the composition of stars, planets, and other objects is spectroscopy. This process utilizes instruments with a grating that spreads out the light from an object by wavelength. This spread-out light is called a spectrum. Every element has a unique fingerprint that allows researchers to determine what it is made of.
The fingerprint often appears as the absorption of light. Every atom has electrons, and these electrons like to stay in their lowest-energy levels. But when photons carrying energy hit an electron, they can push it to higher energy levels. This is absorption, and each element’s electrons absorb light at specific wavelengths related to the difference between energy levels in that atom. But the electrons want to return to their original levels, so they don’t hold onto the energy for long. When they emit the energy, they release photons with exactly the same wavelengths of light that were absorbed in the first place. An electron can release this light in any direction, so most of the light is emitted in directions away from our line of sight. Therefore, a dark line appears in the spectrum at that particular wavelength.
Because the wavelengths at which absorption lines occur are unique for each element, astronomers can measure the position of the lines to determine which elements are present in a target. The amount of light that is absorbed can also provide information about how much of each element is present.
Answer:
Mass = 114.26 g
Explanation:
Given data:
Number of gold atoms = 3.47×10²³ atoms
Mass in gram = ?
Solution:
The given problem will solve by using Avogadro number.
It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance. The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.
1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms
3.47×10²³ atoms × 1 mol /6.022 × 10²³ atoms
0.58 mol
Mass of gold:
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass = 0.58 mol × 197 g/mol
Mass = 114.26 g
Answer:
conduction
Explanation:
Conduction is the transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact with each other. ... Conduction occurs when a substance is heated, particles will gain more energy, and vibrate more. These molecules then bump into nearby particles and transfer some of their energy to them.
Answer:
Moles of 
= 6 moles
Explanation:
The reaction of 
and 
to make is:
⇒
The above reaction shows that 2 moles of Sc can react with 3 moles of to form 
Mole Ratio= 2:3
For 10 moles of Sc we need:
Moles of = 
Moles of = 
Moles of =15 moles
So 15 moles of are required to react with 10 moles of but we have 9 moles of , it means is limiting reactant.
Moles of ScCl_3= 6 moles
Answer:
731.25 g
Explanation:
The question asks us to calculate the mass of 12.5 moles of NaCl. The individual relative atomic masses of the elements were supplied. We must first obtain the molar mass of sodium chloride as follows;
Molar mass of sodium chloride= 23.0 + 35.5 = 58.5 gmol-1
From the formula;
Number of moles (n) = mass /molar mass
Number of moles of sodium chloride= 12.5 moles
Mass of sodium = The unknown
Molar mass of sodium chloride= 58.5gmol-1
Mass of sodium chloride= number of moles × molar mass
Mass of sodium chloride= 12.5 × 58.5
Mass of sodium chloride= 731.25 g
