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3 years ago

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Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of series circuits compared to parallel circuits. Give an example of where each type of

circuit could be used.

1 answer:

Murljashka [212]3 years ago

5 0

Advantage of series circuit :

1. allows all the components in the circuit to have same current flowing through them.

2. one switch is enough to turn off all the components in the circuit in series.

3. make the circuit small by using smaller length of wire.

Disadvantages of series circuit :

1. If one component becomes defective , it does not allow other components to operate, since they share same current.

2. all components can not have same voltage across them.

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A 58.0-kg projectile is fired at an angle of 30.0° above the horizontal with an initial speed of 140 m/s from the top of a cliff

strojnjashka [21]

(a) $6.43\cdot 10^5 J$

The total mechanical energy of the projectile at the beginning is the sum of the initial kinetic energy (K) and potential energy (U):

$E=K+U$

The initial kinetic energy is:

$K=\frac{1}{2}mv^2$

where m = 58.0 kg is the mass of the projectile and $v=140 m/s$ is the initial speed. Substituting,

$K=\frac{1}{2}(58 kg)(140 m/s)^2=5.68\cdot 10^5 J$

The initial potential energy is given by

$U=mgh$

where g=9.8 m/s^2 is the gravitational acceleration and h=132 m is the height of the cliff. Substituting,

$U=(58.0 kg)(9.8 m/s^2)(132 m)=7.5\cdot 10^4 J$

So, the initial mechanical energy is

$E=K+U=5.68\cdot 10^5 J+7.5\cdot 10^4 J=6.43\cdot 10^5 J$

(b) $-1.67 \cdot 10^5 J$

We need to calculate the total mechanical energy of the projectile when it reaches its maximum height of y=336 m, where it is travelling at a speed of v=99.2 m/s.

The kinetic energy is

$K=\frac{1}{2}(58 kg)(99.2 m/s)^2=2.85\cdot 10^5 J$

while the potential energy is

$U=(58.0 kg)(9.8 m/s^2)(336 m)=1.91\cdot 10^5 J$

So, the mechanical energy is

$E=K+U=2.85\cdot 10^5 J+1.91 \cdot 10^5 J=4.76\cdot 10^5 J$

And the work done by friction is equal to the difference between the initial mechanical energy of the projectile, and the new mechanical energy:

$W=E_f-E_i=4.76\cdot 10^5 J-6.43\cdot 10^5 J=-1.67 \cdot 10^5 J$

And the work is negative because air friction is opposite to the direction of motion of the projectile.

(c) 88.1 m/s

The work done by air friction when the projectile goes down is one and a half times (which means 1.5 times) the work done when it is going up, so:

$W=(1.5)(-1.67\cdot 10^5 J)=-2.51\cdot 10^5 J$

When the projectile hits the ground, its potential energy is zero, because the heigth is zero: h=0, U=0. So, the projectile has only kinetic energy:

E = K

The final mechanical energy of the projectile will be the mechanical energy at the point of maximum height plus the work done by friction:

$E_f = E_h + W=4.76\cdot 10^5 J +(-2.51\cdot 10^5 J)=2.25\cdot 10^5 J$

And this is only kinetic energy:

$E=K=\frac{1}{2}mv^2$

So, we can solve to find the final speed:

$v=\sqrt{\frac{2E}{m}}=\sqrt{\frac{2(2.25\cdot 10^5 J)}{58 kg}}=88.1 m/s$

4 0

3 years ago

A stone is thrown downward with a speed of 8 m/s from a height of 14 m. (acceleration due to gravity: 10 m/s2) What is the speed

max2010maxim [7]

Answer:

The speed of the stone just before it hits the ground is 18.54 m/s

Explanation:

Given that,

Initial speed of the stone, u = 8 m/s

The stone is thrown downward from a height of 14 m

We need to find the speed of the stone just before it hits the ground. It can be calculated using third equation of motion as :

$v^2-u^2=2ah$

v is the speed of the stone just before it hits the ground

$v^2=2ah+u^2$

$v^2=2\times 10\times 14+(8)^2$

v = 18.54 m/s

So, the speed of the stone just before it hits the ground is 18.54 m/s. Hence, this is the required solution.

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3 years ago

A spring with a spring constant of 2500 n/m. is stretched 4.00 cm. what is the work required to stretch the spring?

Lyrx [107]

W = 1/2k*x^2.

k = spring constant = 2500 n/m.
x = distance = 4 cm = 0.04m (convert to same units).

W = 1/2(2500)(0.04)^2 = 2J.

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

A pipe in a manufacturing plant is transporting superheated vapor at a mass flow rate of 0.3 kg/s. the pipe is 10 m long, has an

tatiyna

Draw a schematic and determine your thermal resistance values.

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3 years ago

A sprinter starts from rest and accelerates to her maximum speed of 10.5 m/s in a distance of 11.0 m. (a) What was her accelerat

Anvisha [2.4K]

Answer:

a)a=5.01m/s^2

b)t=11.26s

Explanation:

A body that moves with constant acceleration means that it moves in "a uniformly accelerated movement", which means that if the velocity is plotted with respect to time we will find a line and its slope will be the value of the acceleration, it determines how much it changes the speed with respect to time.

When performing a mathematical demonstration, it is found that the equations that define this movement are as follows.

Vf=Vo+a.t (1)

{Vf^{2}-Vo^2}/{2.a} =X(2)

X=Xo+ VoT+0.5at^{2} (3)

X=(Vf+Vo)T/2 (4)

Where

Vf = final speed

Vo = Initial speed

T = time

A = acceleration

X = displacement

In conclusion to solve any problem related to a body that moves with constant acceleration we use the 3 above equations and use algebra to solve

to solve the question a, we can use the ecuation number 2

Vo=0

Vf=10.5 m/s

x=11m

{Vf^{2}-Vo^2}/{2.a} =X

{Vf^{2}-Vo^2}/{2.x} =a

{10.5^{2}-0^2}/{2x11} =a

a=5.01m/s^2

to find the time we can use the ecuation number 1

Vf=Vo+a.t

t=(Vf-Vo)/a

t=(10.5-0)/5.01=2.09s

part b

in this case the spees is constant, so the movement is defined by the following ecuation

X=VT

t=x/v

t=96.3/10.5=9.17s

to find the total time we sum the times when the speed is constant and when the acceleration is constan

t=9.17+2.09

t=11.26s

8 0

3 years ago