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2 years ago

What is Loschmidt’s number? How is it related to Avogadro’s number?

1 answer:

5 0

1. Loschmidt’s number also called as Loschmidt’s constant, n₀ is the number of particles of an ideal gas in a given volume (m³). The unit is m⁻³. At standard pressure (1 atm) and temperature (0 °C) the value of Loschmidt’s number is 2.686 x 10²⁵ m⁻³.

2. Loschmidt’s number,n₀ can be expressed as,
n₀ = $\frac{P}{kT}$
where P is the pressure of the gas, K is the Boltzmann constant and T is the thermodynamic temperature.

Since, k = R/NA (where R is the universal gas constant and NA is the Avogadro constant)
n₀ = $\frac{P}{(R/NA)T}$
n₀ = $\frac{PNA}{RT}$

Hence, n₀ α NA

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A. H-S = 2.5 - 2.1 = 0.4
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Answer:

3.65 x 10¹⁰ electrons

Explanation:

we'll apply the following equation for electric field of a point charge on a spherical conductor

$E = k \frac{q}{r^{2} }$

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k is a constant of the value 8.99 x 10⁹ Nm²/C²

r is the radius of the spherical conductor

q is the total charge in the sphere

Given diameter d =41.0cm, radius r = 20.5cm = 0.205m (convert cm to m)

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we are asked to determine how many excess electrons must be added to the surface of the sphere to produce this electric field

$E = k \frac{q}{r^{2} }$

q = E x r²

q = 1250 N/C x 0.205m²

8.99 x 10⁹ Nm²/C²

q = 5.84 x 10⁻⁹ C

this is the total charge in the sphere

To determine the number of electrons, we can divide the charge q by the charge on an electron e (1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹C)

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n = 5.84 x 10⁻⁹ C

1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹C

n = 3.65 x 10¹⁰ electrons

Therefore, to apply an electric field of magnitude 1250 N/C, the isolated spherical conductor must contain 3.65 x 10¹⁰ electrons

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