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docker41 [41]
4 years ago
11

Comic strip hero superman meets an asteroid in outer space and hurls it at 100m/s. he has a mass of "m". The astroid has a mass

of 1000m. Determine superman's velocity after throwing the astroid.
Physics
1 answer:
Katyanochek1 [597]4 years ago
8 0

Answer:

v = -10⁵ m/s

Explanation:

given,

speed of asteroid,v' = 100 m/s

mass of superman = m

mass of asteroid,M = 1000 m

recoil velocity of superman,v= ?

using conservation of momentum.

m u + M u' = m v + M v'

initial velocity of asteroid and superman is equal to  zero

 0 + 0 = m v + 1000 m x 100

m v = -100000 m

    v = -10⁵ m/s

superman's velocity after throwing the asteroid is equal to v = -10⁵ m/s

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Explanation:

We may notice that change in velocity can be obtained by calculating areas between acceleration lines and horizontal axis ("Time"). Mathematically, we know that:

v_{b}-v_{a} = \int\limits^{t_{b}}_{t_{a}} {a(t)} \, dt

v_{b} = v_{a}+ \int\limits^{t_{b}}_{t_{a}} {a(t)} \, dt

Where:

v_{a}, v_{b} - Initial and final velocities, measured in meters per second.

t_{a}, t_{b} - Initial and final times, measured in seconds.

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Acceleration is the slope of velocity, as we know that each line is an horizontal one, then, velocity curves are lines with slopes different of zero. There are three region where velocities should be found:

Region I (t = 0 s to t = 4 s)

v_{4} = 2\,\frac{m}{s}  +\int\limits^{4\,s}_{0\,s} {\left(-2\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right)} \, dt

v_{4} = 2\,\frac{m}{s}+\left(-2\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right) \cdot (4\,s-0\,s)

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Region II (t = 4 s to t = 6 s)

v_{6} = -6\,\frac{m}{s}  +\int\limits^{6\,s}_{4\,s} {\left(1\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right)} \, dt

v_{6} = -6\,\frac{m}{s}+\left(1\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right) \cdot (6\,s-4\,s)

v_{6} = -4\,\frac{m}{s}

Region III (t = 6 s to t = 10 s)

v_{10} = -4\,\frac{m}{s}  +\int\limits^{10\,s}_{6\,s} {\left(2\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right)} \, dt

v_{10} = -4\,\frac{m}{s}+\left(2\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right) \cdot (10\,s-6\,s)

v_{10} = 4\,\frac{m}{s}

Finally, we draw the object's velocity graph as follows. Graphic is attached below.

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