Answer:
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Any energy transformation involves the loss of some energy as B. Heat.
Answer:

Explanation:
From the question we are told that
Nucleus diameter 
a 12C nucleus
Required kinetic energy 
Generally initial speed of proton must be determined,applying the law of conservation of energy we have

where
=initial kinetic energy
=final kinetic energy
=initial electric potential
=final electric potential
mathematically

where
=distance b/w charges
=nucleus charge 
=constant
=proton charge
Generally kinetic energy is know as

Therefore
Generally equation for radius is 
Mathematically solving for radius of nucleus


Generally we can easily solving mathematically substitute into v_1









Therefore the proton must be fired out with a speed of 
The rate constant of a reaction can be computed by the ratio of the changes in the concentration and time take taken for it to decompose. Thus, if the rate constant is given to be 14 M/s, we have

where C are the concentration values and t is the time taken for it to decompose.


Thus, it will take 0.003 s for it to decompose.
Answer: 0.003 s