This topic is actually quite controversial, but the answer in this case would be C.
Just some food for thought, the 2nd law of thermodynamics entropy of the universe is always increasing, but that doesn't necessarily mean that earth's entropy has to. As long as the net change in entropy of the universe is increasing it doesn't matter if one planet is decreasing a nominal amount. Next, Earth as said is not a closed system and you could argue that the sunlight and energy from the sun is increasing the total energy within the system that is earth meaning that it is increasing in entropy. Next, if you consider increasing entropy as an increase in the number of possible permutations that the universe or parts of the universe can take, then it is completely possible that an ordered planet and life is possible, although rare. This theory explains why there are so many life forms and why entropy is actually increasing when divergent evolution occurs.
This behavior is called reflection.
Reflection is a change of in direction of the wave when it reaches another medium. Imagine a wave colliding with a glass in a tank of water.
During reflection, some of the initial energy of the wave is lost.
Waves always reflect with at same angle at which it approached the obstacle.
Answer:
a♦1 E_average = n E₀ / 2
, b) E_average= infinity
Explanation:
The energy values form an arithmetic series, whose sum is
S = n (a₁ + aₙ) / 2 = n (2a₁ + (n-1) r)/ 2
Where n is the number of terms, a₁ is the first term, aₙ the last term and r is the difference between two consecutive numbers in the series
r = 2E₀ - 0 = 2E₀
Therefore the sum is
S = n (0 + n E₀) / 2
S = n² E₀ / 2
The average value is
E_average = S / n
E_average = n E₀ / 2
b) the case of harmonic oscillation
We have two possibilities.
- if we take a finite number and terms gives the same previous value
- If we take an infinite number of fears the series gives infinity and the average is also infinite
E_average= infinity
If the charged particle moves in the magnetic field or electric field, then it experiences magnetic force or electric force because of its magnetic or electric properties.
<h3>What is magnetic field?</h3>
The magnetic field is the region of space where a charged object experiences magnetic force when it is moving.
When a charged particle such as an electron or proton moves inside a conductor, magnetic lines of force rotate around the particle. This relative motion causes the magnetic field to generate.
Thus, If the charged particle moves in the magnetic field or electric field, then it experiences magnetic force or electric force because of its magnetic or electric properties.
Learn more about magnetic field.
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