Answer:
The standard reaction free energy = -144 kj
Explanation:
According to Electrochemical series
Standard reduction potential of
- Cl₂ + 2 e⁻ → 2 Cl⁻ E⁰ = +1.36 volt .................(i)
- MnO₄⁻ + 8H⁺ + 5 e⁻ → Mn²⁺ + 4 H₂O E⁰ = +1.51 volt ..................(ii)
Since Permanganate have more positive reduction potential so it is used as a cathode half cell and chlorine as a anode half cell
Cathode half cell (Reduction) MnO₄⁻ + 8H⁺ + 5 e⁻ → Mn²⁺ + 4 H₂O ...(3)
Anode half cell (Oxidation) 2 Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2 e⁻ ...............................(4)
Multiplication by 2 of equation (3) and by 5 of equation(4)
10Cl⁻(aq) + 2MnO₄⁻(aq) + 16H⁺(aq) = 5Cl₂(g) + 2Mn²⁺(aq) + 8H₂O(l)
E.M.F of the combined cell reaction
E⁰ = E⁰cathode - E⁰anode = 1.51 - 1.36 = 0.15 v
⇒ ΔG⁰ reaction = - nF E⁰cell
n = no, of electron exchange = 10
⇒ΔG⁰ reaction = - 10 x 96500 x 0.15
= - 144750 j
= - 144 kj (round off by 3 significant fig.)
Answer: 1) The element that would be the most effective at accepting electrons from another reagent is Cl.
2) The element that would be expected to be the best insulator is Cl (non-metal).
3) The element that is best able to form an ionic compound with sulfur is Rb.
Explanation:
Metals are the species which readily lose electrons in order to attain stability and non-metals are the species which readily accept an electron in order to attain stability.
Generally, metals on combining with non-metals lead to the formation of an ionic compound. For example, is an ionic compound where Rb is the metal and S is the non-metal.
Out of the given option Cl is highly electronegative in nature so it will readily accept an electron from a donor atom.
Insulator are the substances which do not allow electric current to pass through them. For example, non-metals are insulators.
Thus, we can match the elements below to the appropriate blanks in the following sentences.
1) The element that would be the most effective at accepting electrons from another reagent is Cl.
2) The element that would be expected to be the best insulator is Cl (non-metal).
3) The element that is best able to form an ionic compound with sulfur is Rb.
Answer:
monomers
Explanation:
Thousands of molecules are called monomers
Answer:
(i) Formula = Fe₂(SO₄)₃
Name = Iron (III) Sulfate or ferric sulfate
(ii) Formula (NH₄)₂CO₃
Name = Ammonium Carbonate
Explanation:
Data given:
(i) Fe³⁺ and SO₄²⁻
ii) NH₄⁺ and CO₃²⁻
Formula and named of the compound =?
Solution:
(i) compound from Fe³⁺ and SO₄²⁻ and its name
writing a formula in combined form
- The symbols of two ions written together that is FeSO₄
- The charges shown on each atom is its valency and it show its combining tendency so iron will combine with 3 sulfate ions and sulfate ion will combine with 2 iron ions
- When two ions combine their valencies should be write on the base of the alternate ions.
- that is 2 will be at the base of Fe and 3 will be at the base of SO₄ without charges
- So the combined formula and name will be
compound formula form from Fe³⁺ and SO₄²⁻ = Fe₂(SO₄)₃
Name of the compound = Iron (III) Sulfate or ferric sulfate
______
(ii) compound from NH₄⁺ and CO₃²⁻ and its name
writing a formula in combined form
- The symbols of two ions written together that is NH₄CO₃
- The charges shown on each atom is its valency and it show its combining tendency so NH₄⁺ will combine with 1 carbonate ion and carbonate ion will combine with two NH₄⁺ ions
- When two ions combine their valencies should be write on the base of the alternate ions 1 should not be written.
- 2 will be at the base of NH₄⁺ without charge
- So the combined formula and name will be
compound formula form from NH₄⁺ and CO₃²⁻ = (NH₄)₂CO₃
Name of the compound = Ammonium Carbonate
H30 are also known as hydroniums