Question

Choose the aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point. These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable. 0.100 m C6H12O6 0.100 m AlCl3 0.100 m NaCl 0.100 m MgCl2 They all have the same boiling point.

Answer 1

Answer:

0.100 M AlCl₃

Explanation:

The variation of boiling point by the addition of a nonvolatile solute is called ebullioscopy, and the temperature variation is calculated by:

ΔT = W.i

Where W = nsolute/msolvent, and i is the Van't Hoff factor. Because all the substances have the same molarity, n is equal for all of them.

i = final particles/initial particles

C₆H₁₂O₆ don't dissociate, so final particles = initial particles => i = 1;

AlCl₃ dissociates at Al⁺³ and 3Cl⁻, so has 4 final particles and 1 initial particle, i = 4/1 = 4;

NaCl dissociates at Na⁺ and Cl⁻ so has 2 final particles and 1 initial particle, i = 2/1 = 2;

MgCl₂ dissociates at Mg⁺² and 2Cl⁻, so has 3 final particles and 1 initial particle, i = 3/1 = 3.

So, the solution with AlCl₃ will have the highest ΔT, and because of that the highest boiling point.