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kenny6666 [7]
3 years ago
5

What is the empirical formula of a molecule containing 65.5% carbon, 5.5% hydrogen, and 29.0% oxygen?

Chemistry
1 answer:
rusak2 [61]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The empirical formula is C3H3O

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Suppose the mass of the molecule = 100 grams

The molecule contains:

65.5 % Carbon = 65.5 grams

5.5 % Hydrogen = 5.5 grams

29.0% Oxygen = 29.0 grams

Molar mass of C = 12 g/mol

Molar mass of H = 1.01 g/mol

Molar mass of O = 16 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate moles

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles C = 65.5 grams / 12 g/mol = 5.46 moles

Moles H = 5.5 / 1.01 g/mol = 5.45 moles

Moles O = 29.0 grams / 16 g/mol = 1.8125 moles

Step 3: Calculate mol ratio

We divide by the smallest amount of moles

C: 5.46 / 1.8125 = 3

H = 5.45 / 1.8125 = 3

O = 1.8125/1.8125 = 1

The empirical formula is C3H3O

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Identify the correct coefificients to balance it<br> -C3H8+O2 to -CO2 +-H2O
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Explanation:

{\rm ?\; C_3H_8} + {\rm ?\; O_2} \to {?\; \rm CO_2} + {?\; \rm H_2O}.

Among the four species in this reaction, \rm C_3H_8 is species with the largest number of atoms per molecule. Assume that the coefficient of this compound is 1.

{\rm 1\; C_3H_8} + {\rm ?\; O_2} \to {?\; \rm CO_2} + {?\; \rm H_2O}.

Number of atoms on the left-hand side of the reaction:

  • \rm C: 1 \times 3 = 3.
  • \rm H: 1 \times 8 = 8.
  • \rm O: not found yet.

By the conservation of atoms, the number of atoms on the right-hand side of the reaction should match those on the left-hand side. In this reaction, \rm CO_2 is the only product with carbon atoms, whereas \rm H_2O is the only product with hydrogen atoms. These 3 carbon atoms and 8 hydrogen atoms would correspond to:

  • 3 / 1 = 3 \rm CO_2 molecules, and
  • 8 / 2 = 4 \rm H_2O molecules.

{\rm 1\; C_3H_8} + {\rm ?\; O_2} \to {3\; \rm CO_2} + {4\; \rm H_2O}.

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  • \rm H: 4 \times 2 = 8.
  • \rm O: 3 \times 2 + 4 \times 1 = 10.

The number of \rm O atoms on the left-hand side should match those on the right-hand side. In this reaction, \rm O_2 is the only reactant with \rm O\! atoms. These 10 \rm \! O atoms would correspond to:

  • 5 \rm O_2 molecules.

{\rm 1\; C_3H_8} + {\rm 5\; O_2} \to {3\; \rm CO_2} + {4\; \rm H_2O}.

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