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Phantasy [73]
3 years ago
11

How did the atomic theory develop and change

Physics
1 answer:
IgorC [24]3 years ago
7 0

Explanation:

Early Atomic theory

Although the idea of the atom was first suggested by Democritus in the fourth century BC, his suppositions were not useful in explaining chemical phenomena, because there was no experimental evidence to support them. It was not until the late 1700's that early chemists began to explain chemical behavior in terms of the atom. Joseph Priestly, Antoine Lavoisier, and others set the stage for the foundation of chemistry. They demonstrated that substances could combine to form new materials. It was the English chemist, John Dalton, who put the pieces of the puzzle together and developed an atomic theory in 1803.

Dalton's atomic theory contains five basic assumptions:

All matter consists of tiny particles called atoms. Dalton and others imagined the atoms that composed all matter as tiny, solid spheres in various stages of motion.

Atoms are indestructible and unchangeable. Atoms of an element cannot be created, destroyed, divided into smaller pieces, or transformed into atoms of another element. Dalton based this hypothesis on the law of conservation of mass as stated by Antoine Lavoisier and others around 1785.

Elements are characterized by the weight of their atoms. Dalton suggested that all atoms of the same element have identical weights. Therefore, every single atom of an element such as oxygen is identical to every other oxygen atom. However, atoms of different elements, such as oxygen and mercury, are different from each other.

In chemical reactions, atoms combine in small, whole-number ratios. Experiments that Dalton and others performed indicated that chemical reactions proceed according to atom to atom ratios which were precise and well-defined.

When elements react, their atoms may combine in more than one whole-number ratio. Dalton used this assumption to explain why the ratios of two elements in various compounds, such as oxygen and nitrogen in nitrogen oxides, differed by multiples of each other.

John Dalton's atomic theory was generally accepted because it explained the laws of conservation of mass, definite proportions, multiple proportions, and other observations. Although exceptions to Dalton's theory are now known, his theory has endured reasonably well, with modifications, throughout the years.

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ololo11 [35]

Answer:

KE=800,000

Explanation:

The formula for kinetic energy is KE=1/2mv^2 or Kinetic Energy= 0.5*mass*velocity^2

so 1000 is the mass and 40 is the velocity

KE=0.5*1000*40^2

KE=0.5*1,000*1,600

KE=800,000 Joules

8 0
3 years ago
A circuit is set up such that it has a current of 8 A. What would be the new current if the resistance was increased by a factor
RUDIKE [14]

Answer:

4 A

Explanation:

The relationship between current, voltage and resistance in a circuit is given by Ohm's law:

V=RI

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I=\frac{V}{R}

from which we see that the current is inversely proportional to the resistance, R.

In this problem, the initial current is I = 8 A. Then the resistance is doubled:

R ' = 2R

So the new current is

I'=\frac{V}{R'}=\frac{V}{2R}=\frac{1}{2}(\frac{V}{R})=\frac{I}{2}=4 A

so the current is halved.

7 0
3 years ago
Determine the field strength, E, experienced by a test charge, q, if a charge of 7.0 × 10-5 coulombs is placed on q and a force
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q=7.0^10-5 coulombs
F=5.2 N
E=5.2 / 7.0^10-5
E=
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3 years ago
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emmainna [20.7K]
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Cerrena [4.2K]

Answer:

40 centimeters

Explanation:

8 0
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