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Phantasy [73]
3 years ago
11

How did the atomic theory develop and change

Physics
1 answer:
IgorC [24]3 years ago
7 0

Explanation:

Early Atomic theory

Although the idea of the atom was first suggested by Democritus in the fourth century BC, his suppositions were not useful in explaining chemical phenomena, because there was no experimental evidence to support them. It was not until the late 1700's that early chemists began to explain chemical behavior in terms of the atom. Joseph Priestly, Antoine Lavoisier, and others set the stage for the foundation of chemistry. They demonstrated that substances could combine to form new materials. It was the English chemist, John Dalton, who put the pieces of the puzzle together and developed an atomic theory in 1803.

Dalton's atomic theory contains five basic assumptions:

All matter consists of tiny particles called atoms. Dalton and others imagined the atoms that composed all matter as tiny, solid spheres in various stages of motion.

Atoms are indestructible and unchangeable. Atoms of an element cannot be created, destroyed, divided into smaller pieces, or transformed into atoms of another element. Dalton based this hypothesis on the law of conservation of mass as stated by Antoine Lavoisier and others around 1785.

Elements are characterized by the weight of their atoms. Dalton suggested that all atoms of the same element have identical weights. Therefore, every single atom of an element such as oxygen is identical to every other oxygen atom. However, atoms of different elements, such as oxygen and mercury, are different from each other.

In chemical reactions, atoms combine in small, whole-number ratios. Experiments that Dalton and others performed indicated that chemical reactions proceed according to atom to atom ratios which were precise and well-defined.

When elements react, their atoms may combine in more than one whole-number ratio. Dalton used this assumption to explain why the ratios of two elements in various compounds, such as oxygen and nitrogen in nitrogen oxides, differed by multiples of each other.

John Dalton's atomic theory was generally accepted because it explained the laws of conservation of mass, definite proportions, multiple proportions, and other observations. Although exceptions to Dalton's theory are now known, his theory has endured reasonably well, with modifications, throughout the years.

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How was Bohr's atomic model different from those of previous scientists?
exis [7]

Answer:Bohr placed the electrons in distinct energy levels.  Rutherford described the atom as consisting of a tiny positive mass surrounded by a cloud of negative electrons. Bohr thought that electrons orbited the nucleus in quantised orbits.

Explanation: also rutherfords was just a hypothesis while Bhor took the time to make his an experiment

4 0
3 years ago
Which characteristic is common to all permanent magnets?
yanalaym [24]

I can't eliminate answers. Some of them are just wrong.  A is incorrect. There is no such thing as a 1 pole magnet.

I wouldn't use B. If it is just a bar it is not a magnet.

C is the traditional answer

D is a space filler. It is just there to occupy a letter.

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
When energy is converted from one form to another in a chemical or physical change, which of the following also changes by a mea
ArbitrLikvidat [17]

Answer:

None of the above

Explanation:

When energy is converted from one form to another in a chemical or physical change, none will change. This is due to the law of conservation of energy. It states that the total energy of the system remains constant. It only changes energy from one form of energy to another. So, the correct option is (d) "none of the above".

3 0
2 years ago
A supersaturated solution is one which A. has less solute dissolved than the solution should hold at that temperature. B. has mo
Anna35 [415]

Answer:

Option C is correct

Explanation:

A supersaturated solution is one that has more solute dissolved than the solution should hold at that temperature.

Examples include carbonated water, sugar syrup, honey.

A solution of a chemical compound can be dissolved in heated water to prepare a supersaturated solution. A solution becomes supersaturated as its temperature is changed.

3 0
3 years ago
A straight wire 0.10 m long carrying a current of 2.0 A is at right angles to a magnetic field. The force on the wire is 0.04 N.
Vladimir79 [104]

Answer:

The strength of magnetic field is 0.2 Tesla.

Explanation:

Data from the question is

Length (L) of wire ; L=0.10 m

Current in wire ; I= 2.0 A

Force on wire ; F = 0.04 N

Angle = Right angle So, \theta\thita = 90^{o}

Now ,

We have to find the magnetic Field strength (B)

For this formula for Force on wire in magnetic field is

F = I \times B \times L \times sin(\theta)

Further modified as

B = \frac{F}{I \times L \times sin(\theta)}

Now insert values in the formula

B = \frac{0.04N}{2.0A \times 0.10 m \times sin(90^{0})}

B = 0.2 T

So, the strength of magnetic field is 0.2 Tesla.

8 0
3 years ago
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