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Phantasy [73]
3 years ago
11

How did the atomic theory develop and change

Physics
1 answer:
IgorC [24]3 years ago
7 0

Explanation:

Early Atomic theory

Although the idea of the atom was first suggested by Democritus in the fourth century BC, his suppositions were not useful in explaining chemical phenomena, because there was no experimental evidence to support them. It was not until the late 1700's that early chemists began to explain chemical behavior in terms of the atom. Joseph Priestly, Antoine Lavoisier, and others set the stage for the foundation of chemistry. They demonstrated that substances could combine to form new materials. It was the English chemist, John Dalton, who put the pieces of the puzzle together and developed an atomic theory in 1803.

Dalton's atomic theory contains five basic assumptions:

All matter consists of tiny particles called atoms. Dalton and others imagined the atoms that composed all matter as tiny, solid spheres in various stages of motion.

Atoms are indestructible and unchangeable. Atoms of an element cannot be created, destroyed, divided into smaller pieces, or transformed into atoms of another element. Dalton based this hypothesis on the law of conservation of mass as stated by Antoine Lavoisier and others around 1785.

Elements are characterized by the weight of their atoms. Dalton suggested that all atoms of the same element have identical weights. Therefore, every single atom of an element such as oxygen is identical to every other oxygen atom. However, atoms of different elements, such as oxygen and mercury, are different from each other.

In chemical reactions, atoms combine in small, whole-number ratios. Experiments that Dalton and others performed indicated that chemical reactions proceed according to atom to atom ratios which were precise and well-defined.

When elements react, their atoms may combine in more than one whole-number ratio. Dalton used this assumption to explain why the ratios of two elements in various compounds, such as oxygen and nitrogen in nitrogen oxides, differed by multiples of each other.

John Dalton's atomic theory was generally accepted because it explained the laws of conservation of mass, definite proportions, multiple proportions, and other observations. Although exceptions to Dalton's theory are now known, his theory has endured reasonably well, with modifications, throughout the years.

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MatroZZZ [7]
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Hope this helps :)
5 0
3 years ago
f a single circular loop of wire carries a current of 45 A and produces a magnetic field at its center with a magnitude of 1.50
Lelu [443]

Answer:

Radius of the loop is 0.18 m or 18 cm

Explanation:

Given :

Current flowing through the wire, I = 45 A

Magnetic field at the center of the wire, B = 1.50 x 10⁻⁴ T

Number of turns in circular wire, N = 1

Consider R be the radius of the circular wire.

The magnetic field at the center of the current carrying circular wire is determine by the relation:

B=\frac{N\mu_{0} I}{2R}

Here μ₀ is vacuum permeability constant and its value is 4π x 10⁻⁷ Tm/A.

Substitute the suitable values in the above equation.

1.50\times10^{-4} =\frac{4\pi \times10^{-7}\times45 }{2R}

R = 0.18 m

4 0
3 years ago
Se lanza una pelota de béisbol desde la azotea de un edificio de 25 m de altura con velocidad inicial de magnitud 10 m/s y dirig
MissTica

Answer:

 v_f = 24.3 m / s

Explanation:

A) In this exercise there is no friction so energy is conserved.

Starting point. On the roof of the building

         Em₀ = K + U = ½ m v₀² + m g y₀

Final point. On the floor

         Em_f = K = ½ m v_f²

         Emo = Em_g

         ½ m v₀² + m g y₀ = ½ m v_f²

        v_f² = v₀² + 2 g y₀

         

let's calculate

        v_f = √(10² + 2 9.8 25)

        v_f = 24.3 m / s

6 0
3 years ago
Mineral salt compounds (calcium chloride, table salt)
soldier1979 [14.2K]

Answer:

Chloride and Salt

Explanation:

that make up table salt, a.k.a. sodium chloride (NaCl). ... As sodium chloride (NaCl) or calcium chloride (CaCl2) dissolve in water, ... the compound formed when a positive ion combines with a negative ion out of solution, but ... waters may have more if there is weathering or leaching from nearby mineral-rich soils and rocks.

3 0
3 years ago
An automobile with an initial speed of 5.13 m/s accelerates uniformly at the rate of 3.0 m/s2. Find the final speed of the car a
Digiron [165]

Answer:

Final velocity v=19.83 m/sec

Explanation:

We have given initial velocity u =5.13 m/sexc

Acceleration of automobile a=3m/sec^2

Time t =4.9 sec

We have to find the final velocity v

According to first law of motion v = u+at ,here v is the final velocity , a is acceleration and t is time

So v=5.13+3\times 4.9=19.83m/sec

So the final velocity is 19.83 m/sec

7 0
3 years ago
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