The “fatal flaw” in Rutherford’s model of the atom was the idea that if the electrons were ________.

1 answer:

8 0

The correct option is A. Rutherford model of the atom consider an atom to be made up of a central nucleus with electrons orbiting around it. The nucleus is considered to be tiny, heavy and its positively charged while the electrons are negatively charged. The shortcoming of this model is that it was not able to explain how the positive nucleus was not able to attract the negative electrons and pull them inside the nucleus.

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A student balances the following redox reaction using half-reactions.

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Answer: 6.

Explanation:

1) Aluminum

$Al^0-3e^----\ \textgreater \ Al^{3+}$

So each atom of aluminum lost 3 electrons to pass from 0 oxidation state to 3+ oxidation state.

2) Manganesium

$Mn^{2+}+2e^{-}---\ \textgreater \ Mn$

So, each ion of Mn(2+) gained 2 electrons pass from 2+ oxidation state to 0.

3) Balance

Multiply aluminum half-reaction (oxidation) by 2 and multiply manganesium half-raction (reduction) by 3:

$2Al^{0}-6e^{-}---\ \textgreater \ 2Al^{3+}

3Mn^{2+}+6e^{-}---\ \textgreater \ 3Mn^{0}$

4) Net equation

Add the two half-equations:

$2Al^{0}+3Mn^{2+}----\ \textgreater \ 2Al^{3+}+3Mn^{0}$

As you see the left side has 2 Al, 3Mn, and 3*2 positive charges.

The right side has 2 Al, 3 Mn, and 2*3 positive charges.

So, the equation is balanced.

5) Count the number of electrons involved.

As you see 2 atoms of aluminum lost 6 electrons (3 each).

That is the answer to the question. 6 electrons will be lost.

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What effects does the concentration of reactants have on the rate of a reaction ?

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Question:

What effects does the concentration of reactants have on the rate of a reaction?

Answer:

Reactant concentration. Increasing the concentration of one or more reactants will often increase the rate of reaction. This occurs because a higher concentration of a reactant will lead to more collisions of that reactant in a specific time period.

Increasing the concentration of reactants generally increases the rate of reaction because more of the reacting molecules or ions are present to form the reaction products. ... When concentrations are already high, a limit is often reached where increasing the concentration has little effect on the rate of reaction.

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Answer:

The answer is Hg.

Explanation:

Symbol for Mercury is Hg.

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