A solution (in this experiment solution of NaNO₃) freezes at a lower temperature than does the pure solvent (deionized water). The higher the
solute concentration (sodium nitrate), freezing point depression of the solution will be greater.
Equation describing the change in freezing point:
ΔT = Kf · b · i.
ΔT - temperature change from pure solvent to solution.
Kf - the molal freezing point depression constant.
b - molality (moles of solute per kilogram of solvent).
i - Van’t Hoff Factor.
First measure freezing point of pure solvent (deionized water). Than make solutions of NaNO₃ with different molality and measure separately their freezing points. Use equation to calculate Kf.
Answer:
The temperature is always lower.
Explanation:
The temperature is always lower at the end of the state as compared to beginning of the state. We can see in the given data, the temperature is higher at the beginning i. e. 140 degree Celsius but with the passage of time, the temperature of a state decreases constantly and the temperature at the end is lower i. e. 20 degree Celsius. So we can conclude that the temperature is always lower.
It measures the acidity/basic level, that rules A out
hope this helped a little
Bonds are forces of attractions between atoms formed by the transfer of electrons or sharing of electrons. Metallic bond is a type bond that exist in metallic structures where the atoms of the metals attracts the sea of electrons in the structure.It is these metallic bonds that results to the malleability , ductility and conductivity of metals because in that the sea of electrons makes them conduct electricity. In addition the atoms of metals in the structure are ions which can slide past each other in the sea of electrons.
The answer should be: <span>D. The reaction rate is equal in both directions
In the equilibrium state, the rate of reaction to the right is same as the reaction to the left. Because of this, the concentration of the reactant and product will be kept same.
It might seem like the reaction is stopped because there is no change in the concentration, but it wasn't. Adding a reactant or product will break the equilibrium state.</span>
