Question

Which contributes to the polarity of a water molecule? A. a linear shape along with strong covalent bonds B. deflection of hydrogen atoms by lone pairs of electrons C. no difference in the electronegativity of oxygen and hydrogen D. hydrogen bond formation between water molecules

Answer 1

Here we have to choose the correct statement behind the polarity of the water molecule.

The polarity of the water molecules is due to the B. deflection of the hydrogen atoms by the lone pair of electrons.

The bonding of the water (H₂O) molecule is shown in the figure. There remain two lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom. The oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons among which 2 are involved to make the covalent bond with two hydrogen atom.

The lone pair if electrons exerted lone pair-bond pair repulsion and H₂O has a bent structure as shown in the figure. In this way the dipole moment generated by oxygen and hydrogen cannot be nullified and it has a permanent dipole moment which leads the molecule to be polar in nature.

The water molecule is not linear in nature it has bent structure.

There is a huge difference of electronegativity between the hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atom. The oxygen atom is highly electronegative whereas the hydrogen atom is electropositive in nature.

The hydrogen bond formation is due to the fact the molecule is polar in nature.

Answer 2

Answer:

The answer is B

Explanation: