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Bumek [7]
3 years ago
12

Carbon-14 dating assumes that the carbon dioxide on earth today has the same radioactive content as it did centuries ago. if thi

s is true, the amount of 14c absorbed by a tree that grew several centuries ago should be the same as the amount of 14c absorbed by a tree growing today. a piece of ancient charcoal contains only 20% as much of the radioactive carbon as a piece of modern charcoal. how long ago was the tree burned to make the ancient charcoal? (the half-life of 14c is 5715 years. round to the nearest year.)
Chemistry
1 answer:
rusak2 [61]3 years ago
6 0
Half-life is a first-order reaction which means the rate of decay is constant. Using the supplied value of the half-life of 14c (5715 years), and that the <span>piece of ancient charcoal contains only 20% as much of the radioactive carbon as a piece of modern charcoal, the calculated "age" or timespan when the tree got burned is </span>13269.819062281 or simply, 13270 years ago. 
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Mass = 1

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Location = Nucleus

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Mass = 1

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Location = Nucleus

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When you combine 50.0 mL of 0.100 M AgNO3 with 50.0 mL of 0.100 M HCl in a coffee-cup calorimeter, the temperature changes from
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Answer : The enthalpy of reaction (\Delta H_{rxn}) is, 67.716 KJ/mole

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the moles of AgNO_3 and HCl.

\text{Moles of }AgNO_3=\text{Molarity of }AgNO_3\times \text{Volume}=(0.100mole/L)\times (0.05L)=0.005mole

\text{Moles of }HCl=\text{Molarity of }HCl\times \text{Volume}=(0.100mole/L)\times (0.05L)=0.005mole

Now we have to calculate the moles of AgCl formed.

The balanced chemical reaction will be,

AgNO_3(aq)+HCl(aq)\rightarrow AgCl(s)+HNO_3(aq)

As, 1 mole of AgNO_3 react with 1 mole of HCl to give 1 mole of AgCl

So, 0.005 mole of AgNO_3 react with 0.005 mole of HCl to give 1 mole of AgCl

The moles of AgCl formed  = 0.005 mole

Total volume of the solution = 50.0 ml + 50.0 ml = 100.0 ml

Now we have to calculate the mass of solution.

Mass of the solution = Density of the solution × Volume of the solution

Mass of the solution = 1.00 g/ml × 100.0 ml = 100 g

Now we have to calculate the heat.

q=m\times C\Delta T=m\times C \times (T_2-T_1)

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q = heat

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m = mass = 100 g

T_2 = final temperature = 24.21^oC

T_1 = initial temperature = 23.40^oC

Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get:

q=100g\times (4.18J/g^oC)\times (24.21-23.40)^oC

q=338.58J

Now  we have to calculate the enthalpy of the reaction.

\Delta H_{rxn}=\frac{q}{n}

where,

\Delta H_{rxn} = enthalpy of reaction = ?

q = heat of reaction = 338.58 J

n = moles of reaction = 0.005 mole

Now put all the given values in above expression, we get:

\Delta H_{rxn}=\frac{338.58J}{0.005mole}=6771.6J/mole=67.716KJ/mole

Conversion used : (1 KJ = 1000 J)

Therefore, the enthalpy of reaction (\Delta H_{rxn}) is, 67.716 KJ/mole

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