Answer:
Answers explained with appropriate comments
Explanation:
1. seekp() //the seekp sets the position where the next character is to be //inserted into the output stream.
2. fstream //fstream is used for input and output for files
//just like iostream for input and output data
3. tellp(); //tellp returns the "put" or write position of the file.
4. ios::ate //ate meaning at the end, sets the file output at the file end
5. binary files //binary files only store 0s and 1s
6. seekg() //seekg is used to move write position of the file
7. put //this is used to "put" or set records or arrays to a single file
8. std::ws
, skips //the std::ws is used to discard leading whitespace from an //input stream
9. peek //this looks at the next character in the input sequence
10. get, peak //get and peek do not skip leading whitespace characters
Answer:
X is in NP and Y is in NP-HARD ( A )
Explanation:
X is in NP and Y is in NP-HARD can be inferred from the previous statement made in the problem above because problem decision X can be in NP if it can BE reducible to a 3-SAT polynomial real time, if that can be achieved then 3SAT will be in NP since SAT is in NP as well.
also problem decision Y can be in NP-HARD if 3SAT can be reducible to it in polynomial time as well hence option A is the correct option
Answer:
ring network
Explanation:
In a ring network, the nodes are arranged in a circular pattern where each node is connected to two adjacent nodes. In this topology, any node can communicate with any other node via the intermediaries.
In comparison,
- in a star network every communication needs to pass through a central hub node
- in a bus, each node is connected to a shared linear communication bus.
- in a hierarchical network nodes are organized along a tree structure layout.
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