Las hojas de cálculo en Excel facilitan los cálculos numéricos a través del uso de fórmulas; de manera fácil y rápida se pueden hacer operaciones aritméticas sobre cientos de miles de datos numéricos; por lo que se puede actualizar o corregir cualquiera de los datos numéricos y las operaciones se recalculan
The modulus of elasticity is 28.6 X 10³ ksi
<u>Explanation:</u>
Given -
Length, l = 5in
Force, P = 8000lb
Area, A = 0.7in²
δ = 0.002in
Modulus of elasticity, E = ?
We know,
Modulus of elasticity, E = σ / ε
Where,
σ is normal stress
ε is normal strain
Normal stress can be calculated as:
σ = P/A
Where,
P is the force applied
A is the area of cross-section
By plugging in the values, we get
σ = 
σ = 11.43ksi
To calculate the normal strain we use the formula,
ε = δ / L
By plugging in the values we get,
ε = 
ε = 0.0004 in/in
Therefore, modulus of elasticity would be:

Thus, modulus of elasticity is 28.6 X 10³ ksi
Answer: valving the pump discharge to reduce the flow will only result in an increase in the water velocity according to the laws of continuity of flow.
Q = AV = constant.
The pump speed of 150 gpm is, and will remain constant. Valving simply reduces flow area A, which is balanced out by increased velocity V of water through the pipe.
This does not affect the pump speed Q (flow rate) and hence it remains the same.