W=m₁/m₀=2^(-t/T)
t=4.6·10⁹ years
T=5·10¹⁰ years
w=2^(-4.6·10⁹/5·10¹⁰)
w=0.9382
w=93.82%
The ph of the best buffer is 4.74
The given acetic acid is a weak acid
The equation of the pH of the buffer
pH = pKa + log ( conjugate base / weak acid ).
For best buffer the concentration of the weak acid and its conjugate base is equal.
pH = pKa + log 1
pH = pKa + 0
pH = pKa
given Ka = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵
pKa = - log ka
pH = -log ( 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ )
pH = 4. 74
Hence the pH of the best buffer is 4.74
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Animal fibers are fibers from animals and consist mainly of protein. They contain not only silk fiber from silkworms and fur fiber from sheep wool but also collagen fiber extracted from animal skins, chitin from crustaceans, and shellfish like shrimp and chitosan made by deacetylating chitin.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Gamma radiation penetrates the cell wall of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and can inhibit their metabolic functions as well as destroy their DNA.
Debunking the other answers:
A is incorrect as Gamma radiation is used in the treatment of cancer via radiotherapy.
B is incorrect as Gamma rays are too small and would just penetrate any smoke particles.
C is incorrect because Gamma rays are used to disinfect food products to prevent food borne illness. Irradiation is safe to use on food and does not make it radioactive.
Thus, D is correct.