Answer:
Why? Because of electron shells. Technically, they're not fully inert. They have very low reactivity potential, and can only be forced to become reactive with difficulty.
Explanation:
All chemical reactivity is made possible through the atom's electron arrangement. Electrons basically have shelves where they live, called "levels" or "shells". Each level is farther from the nucleus than the previous one. Atoms are most stable when their outer most shell (called the valence shell) is full. Atoms with an incomplete shell will react with other atoms, in an attempt to either fill out the outer shell, or to rid itself of it's valence electrons so that that previous level becomes a full valence level. If the valence shell ils already full, the atom will not be inclined to create compounds.
The first shell can hold up to two electrons. After the first two electrons, any additional electrons have to begin a new shell. The second shell can hold eight electrons before it becomes full. Helium is the first noble gas on the periodic table, having two protons and two electrons. Because helium's outer most shell is full, it does not react with other atoms.
By comparison, look at hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen has eight electrons. The first two electrons occupy the first shell. The remaining six go to the second shell. This leaves the second shell with two empty spaces that can potentially be filled. Meanwhile, hydrogen has one electron, with it's valence shell having an empty space for one additional electron. Two hydrogen atoms give up their single electrons to an oxygen atom, so that all three end up with stable valence levels.
By the time an atom can fill out the second electron shell on it's own (10 total electrons) you end up with neon, the second noble gas.
'The slower moving' type of water molecules have the greater tendency to condense to the liquid state from the gaseous state.
If the molecules speed up it means that energy has been added to the system. Eventually, therefore, the water would evaporate into steam (or water vapour) provided the energy was continued to be added to the system.
Vice versa if the molecules are slowed down then the water molecules in gas would condense and change their state from gas to liquid.
Condensation is the process where water vapour becomes liquid. It is the reverse of evaporation, where liquid water becomes a vapour.
Condensation happens one of two ways: Either the air is cooled to its dew point or it becomes so saturated with water vapour that it cannot hold any more water.
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Answer:
The major and minor products formed from the first structure have more alkyl groups on the C═C than those formed from the second structure.
The second structure has more hydrogens attached to the β carbons than the first structure.
Explanation:
It is possible to explain the reaction based on Zaitsev’s rule that states that an elimination will normally lead to the most stable alkene as the major product. This normally translates to it giving the most substituted alkene.
The two adjacent carbons in the first molecule are secondary. That means the two products will produce a disubstituted alkene but in the second molecule just one product will be disubstituted. Thus:
The first structure has more hydrogens attached to the β carbons than the second structure. <em>FALSE</em>. If the structure has more hydrogens will produce an alkene less stable.
The major and minor products formed from the first structure have more alkyl groups on the C═C than those formed from the second structure. <em>TRUE</em>. As the first structure have more alkyl groups the product is most stable.
The major and minor products formed from the second structure have more alkyl groups on the C═C than those formed from the first structure. <em>FALSE</em>. Is the opposite of the last option.
The second structure has more hydrogens attached to the β carbons than the first structure. <em>TRUE</em>. As the second structure has more hydrogens, the alkenes produced will be less substituted being less stable.
I hope it helps!
Answer:
the concentration of hydrochloric acid
the temperature in heating
