Answer:
As = 7.33 [m/s]
Explanation:
To solve this problem we must use the definition of the average speed, which is equal to the relationship between the distance over time.
As = x/t
where:
As = average speed [m/s]
x = distance = 132 [m]
t = time = 18 [s]
As = 132/18
As = 7.33 [m/s]
Free ions. Negative ions have one extra electron, positive ions are missing an electron. Negative ions give up their extra electron easily. I hope my answer has come to your help. God bless and have a nice day ahead! Feel free to ask more questions.
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Answer:
a) 
b) 
c) 
d) 
e) 
Explanation:
At that energies, the speed of proton is in the relativistic theory field, so we need to use the relativistic kinetic energy equation.
(1)
Here β = v/c, when v is the speed of the particle and c is the speed of light in vacuum.
Let's solve (1) for β.

We can write the mass of a proton in MeV/c².

Now we can calculate the speed in each stage.
a) Cockcroft-Walton (750 keV)



b) Linac (400 MeV)



c) Booster (8 GeV)



d) Main ring or injector (150 Gev)



e) Tevatron (1 TeV)



Have a nice day!