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elena55 [62]
3 years ago
15

Which group or groups of atoms are the only atoms with f orbitals A. All atoms heavier than barium B. All atoms heavier than kry

pton C. All noble gases D. Lanthanides and actinides
Chemistry
1 answer:
Mashcka [7]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

All atoms heavier than barium

Explanation:

In the periodic table, elements are divided into blocks. We have the;

s- block elements

p- block elements

d- block elements

f- block elements

However, immediately after Barium, we now encounter elements that have f-orbitals. Barium possesses a fully filled d-orbital. Hence after it, we see elements with 4f and 5f orbitals called the Lanthanides and actinides. The elements following the lanthanide and actinide series possess completely filled f-orbitals as inner orbitals.

Hence elements heavier than barium all possess f-orbitals.

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Consider the reaction directly below and answer parts a and b. C6H4(OH)2 (l) + H2O2 (l) à C6H4O2 (l) + 2 H2O (l)
dedylja [7]

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a. -206,4kJ

b. Surroundings will gain heat.

c. -115kJ are given off.

Explanation:

It is possible to obtain ΔH of a reaction using Hess's law that consist in sum the different ΔH's of other reactions until obtain the reaction you need.

Using:

<em>(1) </em>C₆H₄(OH)₂(l) → C₆H₄O₂(l) + H₂(g) ΔH: +177.4 kJ

<em>(2) </em>H₂(g) + O₂(g) → H₂O₂ (l) ΔH: -187.8 kJ

<em>(3) </em>H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → H₂O(l) ΔH: -285.8 kJ

It is possible to obtain:

C₆H₄(OH)₂(l) + H₂O₂(l) → C₆H₄O₂(l) + 2H₂O(l)

From (1)-(2)+2×(3). That is:

<em>(1) </em>C₆H₄(OH)₂(l) → C₆H₄O₂(l) + H₂(g) ΔH: +177.4 kJ

<em>-(2) </em>H₂O₂(l) → H₂(g) + O₂(g) ΔH: +187.8 kJ

<em>2x(3) </em>2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(l) ΔH: 2×-285.8 kJ

The ΔH you obtain is:

+177,4kJ + 187,8kJ - 2×285.8 kJ =<em> -206,4kJ</em>

b. When ΔH of a reaction is <0, the reaction is exothermic, that means that the reaction produce heat and the <em>surroundings will gain this heat.</em>

c. 20,0g of H₂O are:

20,0g×\frac{1mol}{18,01g} = <em>1,11 mol H₂O</em>

As 2 moles of H₂O are produced when -206,4kJ are given off, when 1,11mol of H₂O are produced, there are given off:

1,11mol H₂O×\frac{-206,4kJ}{2mol} =<em> -115kJ</em>

I hope it helps!

8 0
3 years ago
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