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kifflom [539]
3 years ago
10

How is the size of the mri signal related to the applied b0 field?

Physics
1 answer:
lianna [129]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Intensity Of MRI signal is related as square of B_{0}

or

Intensity is related as B_{0}^{2}.

Explanation:

MRI simply means Magnetic Resonance Imaging. In this process by the resonance of magnetic field the frequency is produced which is used to image the body parts (Mainly the brain).

The signal Strength is the rate of change of Magnetization (M) with respect to the time. For the calculation of Intensity we use Bloch equation which is given by

\frac{dH}{dt} = M \times \gamma B

On further solving

\frac{dH}{dt} =\mu B \times \gamma B \\\frac{dH}{dt} = \mu \times \gamma B^{2}

So, Intensity is related as B_{0}^{2}.

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Hull (1943) had rats push a lever that required 21 grams of force to budge. After they had learned to push the lever in order to
Zina [86]

Years of research have demonstrated that rats are intelligent creatures who experience pain and pleasure, care about one another, are able to read the emotions of others, and would assist other rats, even at their own expense.

<h3>Experiments:</h3>

In trials carried out at Brown University in the 1950s, rats were trained to press a lever for food, but they stopped pressing the lever when they noticed that with each press, a rat in an adjacent cage would scream in pain (after experiencing an electric shock).

Rats were trained to press a lever to lower a block that was hanging from a hoist by electric shocks administered by experimenters. A rat was subsequently hoisted into a harness by the experimenters, and according to their notes, "This animal normally shrieked and wriggled sufficiently while dangling, and if it did not, it was jabbed with a sharp pencil until it exhibited indications of discomfort." Even if it wasn't in danger of receiving a shock, a rat watching the scenario from the floor would pull a lever to lower the hapless rodent to safety.

Learn more about experiments on rats here:

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6 0
1 year ago
A horizontal rectangular surface has dimensions 2.80 cm by 3.20 cm and is in a uniform magnetic field that is directed at an ang
koban [17]

Answer:

magnitude of the magnetic field 0.692 T

Explanation:

given data

rectangular dimensions = 2.80 cm by 3.20 cm

angle of 30.0°

produce a flux Ф = 3.10 × 10^{-4}  Wb

solution

we take here rectangular side a and b as a = 2.80 cm and b = 3.20 cm

and here angle between magnitude field and area will be ∅ = 90 - 30

∅ = 60°

and flux  is express as

flux Ф = \int \vec{B}.d\vec{A}   .................1

and Ф = BA cos∅    ............2

so B = \frac{\phi }{Acos\theta }    

and we know

A = ab

so

B = \frac{\phi }{abcos\theta }    ..............3

put here value

B =  \frac{3.10\times 10^{-4} }{2.80 \times 10^{-2}\times 3.20 \times 10^{-2}\times cos60}  

solve we get

B = 0.692 T

8 0
3 years ago
when a person uses an iron to remove the wrinkles from a shirt, why does heat travel from the iron to the shirt?
artcher [175]
I think the answer to your question is that:
There is chemical energy being produced (by the water) and that causes the base of iron to absorb the heat. Then when the heated base of the iron is placed onto the shirt, the heat flattens the wrinkles on it.
3 0
3 years ago
True or false?
Ksju [112]

1. False

Explanation: it's exactly the opposite. In fact, Lenz's law states that the induced current and the induced emf in a conductor are generated in such a direction that opposes to the change in magnetic flux through the coil. This is summarized by the negative sign in the Faraday's Newmann Lenz law:

\epsilon= -\frac{d\Phi }{dt}

where \epsilon is the emf induced and \frac{d\Phi}{dt} is the rate of change of magnetic flux through the coil.

Lenz's law is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy. In fact, we have:

- If the magnetic flux through a coil is increasing, then the induced current has a direction such that the magnetic field generated by the coil is opposite to the direction of the external magnetic field, in order to decrease the total flux

- If the magnetic flux through a coil is decreasing, then the induced current has a direction such that the magnetic field generated by the coil is in the same direction as the external field, in order to increase the total flux

2. False

Explanation: the magnetic flux through a surface is given by

\Phi = BA cos \theta

where

B is the magnitude of the magnetic field

A is the surface area

\theta is the angle between the direction of B and the normal vector to the surface

As we see, the magnetic flux depends not only on B and A, but also on the orientation of the coil with respect to the magnetic field.

3. False

Explanation:

- Sound waves are mechanical waves: mechanical waves are waves consisting of oscillations of the particles in a medium. Due to their nature, therefore, mechanical waves can propagate only in the presence of a medium

- Electromagnetic waves are NOT mechanical waves: they consist of oscillations of electric and magnetic fields, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave. Since em waves are not mechanical waves, they do NOT need a medium to propagate, since they can also travel through a vacuum; therefore the original statement is false.

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2 years ago
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BabaBlast [244]

Answer:

Explanation:

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates which are called as single sugars. These are the building blocks of bigger carbohydrates.

Disaccharides are the sugars that are formed when two monosaccharides combine together by glycosidic bonds.

Polysaccharides are the long chains of carbohydrate molecules. These are formed by the monosaccharide units bonded by the glycosidic linkages.

The insulin and glucagon are the two hormones secreted by the pancreas that regulate the blood glucose levels. Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of pancreas. It is secreted when the blood glucose level is high. Glucagon is secreted by the beta cells of pancreas when the blood glucose level is low.  

7 0
2 years ago
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