Answer:
C) Venus is closer to the Sun than Saturn is.
Explanation:
This is the right answer.
The characteristics of stars that can be determined by analyzing a star's spectrum - Doppler shift, temperature, size, composition, and rotation.
1- Rotation: The star's rotation creates a broadening of the spectral lines, which can be used to determine the star's rotation.
2- Temperature: Measure the relative strengths of spectral lines to determine a star's spectral class which corresponds to temperature.
3- Doppler shift: The Doppler shift of the star is determined by its radial velocity.
4- Size: Measure the width of spectral lines. If the lines are narrow, the star's diameter is large. If the lines are wider, the star's diameter is smaller.
5- Composition: Computer models and temperature are used to determine elemental abundances from relative strengths of absorption lines in a star's spectrum.
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(a) we can solve the problem by using the mirror equation:
where
f is the focal length of the mirror
is the distance of the object from the mirror
is the distance of the image from the mirror.
For the sign convention, f is taken as negative for a convex mirror and
is taken as negative if the image is located behind the mirror, as in this problem. So we have
and re-arranging the mirror equation we can find the distance of the object from the mirror:
from which we find
(b) The magnitude is defined as the ratio between the size of the image and the size of the object, which is also equal to the negative of the ratio between the distance of the image and the distance of the object from the mirror:
Using what we found at point (a), the magnification in this problem is
where the positive sign means the image is upright.