Answer:
α = 13.7 rad / s²
Explanation:
Let's use Newton's second law for rotational motion
∑ τ = I α
we will assume that the counterclockwise turns are positive
F₁ 0 + F₂ R₂ - F₃ R₃ = I α
give us the cylinder moment of inertia
I = ½ M R₂²
α = (F₂ R₂ - F₃ R₃) 
let's calculate
α = (24 0.22 - 13 0.10) 
2/12 0.22²
α = 13.7 rad / s²
Energy and Work have the same unit of measurement which is Joules in SI units.
Explanation:
- A Joule of Work is said to be done on an object when energy is transferred to that particular object.
- If two objects are involved, when one object transfers energy onto the second, a joule of work is said to be done by the first object.
- Work is also the application of force on an object over a distance. So Work = Force × Displacement
- Energy is neither created nor destroyed. It is in 2 forms - kinetic and potential.
- Kinetic energy is defined as the energy of a moving object while potential energy is known as the energy that is stored within an object.
- Kinetic Energy = 1/2 × mass × (velocity)²
- Potential Energy = mass × acceleration due to gravity × height
- Both energy and work are measured in Joules.
Before Pluto was discovered, it was predicted. Astronomers had observed that massive objects can affect the orbits of its neighbors, and, after seeing deviations in the orbits of Uranus and Neptune, assumed something substantial existed beyond their orbits.
When Pluto was spotted, it was thought to be the predicted object and was identified as a ninth planet.
A few decades later, astronomers started discovering more and more objects around other stars and didn’t know whether to call them planets or not. There appeared to be a need to define what a planet means, and that led to what some people consider Pluto’s demotion to a dwarf planet.
The International Astronomical Union decided that full-sized planets must orbit the sun, have a round shape, and have cleared their orbits of other objects. Pluto fulfills the first two criteria, but not the third.
It still goes around the sun, it’s round enough, it’s got moons, and behaves like a planet, but the idea is that Pluto did not form the same way as the rest of the planets. Pluto’s orbit is both eccentric and inclined more than the rest of the planets by about 17 degrees. That’s suggests something is different about this object.
This debate about whether to call it a planet or not is silly, because it doesn’t matter to Pluto what you call it. It is an interesting object, goes around the sun, and shows geology and an atmosphere.
There’s a tendency to define objects based on what they are now, but nothing is constant in the universe. There are some issues with the nomenclature, and a definition today may not apply to the same object tomorrow.
