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Gala2k [10]
3 years ago
9

Prove, using the method of bijections, that the number of subsets of [n] that consist of an odd number of elements is the same a

s the number of subsets of [n] that consist of an even number of elements g
Mathematics
1 answer:
Makovka662 [10]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Since, the function has been proven to be both surjective and injective, it is therefore said to be bijective and as such the question has been proved.

Step-by-step explanation:

Let A be the set of subsets of [n] that consists of an even number of elements, and let B be the set of subsets of [n] that consists of an odd number of elements.

Let's establish a bijection from A to B.

First of all,we have to establish a function that is both surjective and injective so that it is bijective.

Let the function be "f"

To prove the "f" is injective, let A1 and A2 be two subsets and consider f(A1)=f(A2)

From that, we get 2 options;

Either; A1 - {n} =f(A1) = f(A2) = A2 - {n}

Or AI u {n} =f(A1) = f(A2) = A2 u {n}

In both cases above, we can conclude that A1 = A2 and therefore, "f" is injective.

To prove that "f" is surjective, let B be an element of the range of "f" (a subset of odd size).

If B contains "n", then B−{n} is a subset of even size that maps to B under "f". Also, if B does not contain n, then B u {n} is a subset of even size that maps to B under "f".

Since everything in the image has something in the domain that maps to it, we can say that "f" is surjective.

Since, the function has been proven to be both surjective and injective, it is therefore said to be bijective and as such the question has been proved.

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Write the polynomial f(x)=x^4-10x^3+25x^2-40x+84. In factored form
Verizon [17]
<h2>Steps:</h2>

So firstly, to factor this we need to first find the potential roots of this polynomial. To find it, the equation is \pm \frac{p}{q}, with p = the factors of the constant and q = the factors of the leading coefficient. In this case:

\textsf{leading coefficient = 1, constant = 84}\\\\p=1,2,3,4,6,7,12,14,21,28,42,84\\q=1\\\\\pm \frac{1,2,3,4,6,7,12,14,21,28,42,84}{1}\\\\\textsf{Potential roots =}\pm 1, \pm 2,\pm 3,\pm 4,\pm 6, \pm 7,\pm 12,\pm 14,\pm 21,\pm 28,\pm 42,\pm 84

Next, plug in the potential roots into x of the equation until one of them ends with a result of 0:

f(1)=(1)^4-10(1)^3+25(1)^2-40(1)+84\\f(1)=1-10+25-40+84\\f(1)=60\ \textsf{Not a root}\\\\f(2)=2^4-10(2)^3+25(2)^2-40(2)+84\\f(2)=16-10*8+25*4-80+84\\f(2)=16-80+100-80+84\\f(2)=80\ \textsf{Not a root}\\\\f(3)=3^4-10(3)^3+25(3)^2-40(3)+84\\f(3)=81-10*27+25*9-120+84\\f(3)=81-270+225-120+84\\f(3)=0\ \textsf{Is a root}

Since we know that 3 is a root, this means that one of the factors is (x - 3). Now that we know one of the roots, we are going to use synthetic division to divide the polynomial. To set it up, place the root of the divisor, in this case 3 from x - 3, on the left side and the coefficients of the original polynomial on the right side as such:

  • 3 | 1 - 10 + 25 - 40 + 84
  • _________________

Firstly, drop the 1:

  • 3 | 1 - 10 + 25 - 40 + 84
  •     ↓
  • _________________
  •     1

Next, multiply 3 and 1, then add the product with -10:

  • 3 | 1 - 10 + 25 - 40 + 84
  •     ↓ + 3
  • _________________
  •     1  - 7

Next, multiply 3 and -7, then add the product with 25:

  • 3 | 1 - 10 + 25 - 40 + 84
  •     ↓ + 3  - 21
  • _________________
  •     1  - 7 + 4

Next, multiply 3 and 4, then add the product with -40:

  • 3 | 1 - 10 + 25 - 40 + 84
  •     ↓ + 3  - 21 + 12
  • _________________
  •     1  - 7  +  4  - 28

Lastly, multiply -28 and 3, then add the product with 84:

  • 3 | 1 - 10 + 25 - 40 + 84
  •     ↓ + 3  - 21 + 12  - 84
  • _________________
  •     1  - 7  +  4  - 28 + 0

Now our synthetic division is complete. Now since the degree of the original polynomial is 4, this means our quotient has a degree of 3 and follows the format ax^3+bx^2+cx+d . In this case, our quotient is x^3-7x^2+4x-28 .

So right now, our equation looks like this:

f(x)=(x-3)(x^3-7x^2+4x-28)

However, our second factor can be further simplified. For the second factor, I will be factoring by grouping. So factor x³ - 7x² and 4x - 28 separately. Make sure that they have the same quantity inside the parentheses:

f(x)=(x-3)(x^2(x-7)+4(x-7))

Now it can be rewritten as:

f(x)=(x-3)(x^2+4)(x-7)

<h2>Answer:</h2>

Since the polynomial cannot be further simplified, your answer is:

f(x)=(x-3)(x^2+4)(x-7)

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The measure of an angle is 164°. What is the measure of its supplementary angle?
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Answer:

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Step-by-step explanation:

180-164=16 do the answer is 16

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Which accurately describes a circle with a radius 12 centimeters and center Q?
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Answer:

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Answer:

P(X>5) = 0.857

Step-by-step explanation:

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f(x) = \dfrac{1}{17-3}   ; \ \ \ 3 \le x \le 17

The required probability that it will take Isabella more than 5 minutes to wait for the bus can be computed as:

P(X > 5) =  \int ^{17}_{5} f(x) \ dx

P(X > 5) =  \int ^{17}_{5} \dfrac{1}{17-3} \ dx

P(X > 5) =\dfrac{1}{14}  \Big [x \Big ] ^{17}_{5}

P(X > 5) =\dfrac{1}{14} [17-5]

P(X > 5) =\dfrac{12}{14}

P(X>5) = 0.857

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