Which segement of the heating curve shown above represents an increase in the potential energy, but no change in the kinetic ene
rgy?
a. RS
b. TU
c. QR
d. PQ
a. RS
b. TU
c. QR
d. PQ
2 answers:
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1) 2P
2) Average speed does not change
Explanation:
1)
To solve the first part of the problem, we can use Boyle's Law, which states that:
"For a fixed mass of an ideal gas kept at constant temperature, the pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to its volume"
Mathematically:
where
p is the pressure of the gas
V is its volume
For the Xe gas in this problem we can write
where:
is the initial pressure
is the initial volume
is the final volume
Solving for p2, we find the final pressure:
So, the pressure has doubled.
2)
The average speed of the atoms/molecules in the gas is given by the formula
where
R is the gas constant
T is the absolute temperature (in Kelvin) of the gas
M is the molar mass of the gas
is known as rms speed of the particles in the gas
From the formula, we see that the speed of the atoms in the gas depends only on the temperature of the gas.
In the Xe(g) gas in this problem, the temperature is kept constant; therefore, since nothing changes in the formula, this means that the average speed also does not change.