What is true about high-level nuclear waste?

How light is channelled down an optical fibre

coldgirl [10]

Explanation:

Suppose you want to shine a flashlight beam down a long, straight hallway. Just point the beam straight down the hallway -- light travels in straight lines, so it is no problem. What if the hallway has a bend in it? You could place a mirror at the bend to reflect the light beam around the corner. What if the hallway is very winding with multiple bends? You might line the walls with mirrors and angle the beam so that it bounces from side-to-side all along the hallway. This is exactly what happens in an optical fiber.

The light in a fiber-optic cable travels through the core (hallway) by constantly bouncing from the cladding (mirror-lined walls), a principle called total internal reflection. Because the cladding does not absorb any light from the core, the light wave can travel great distances.

However, some of the light signal degrades within the fiber, mostly due to impurities in the glass. The extent that the signal degrades depends on the purity of the glass and the wavelength of the transmitted light (for example, 850 nm = 60 to 75 percent/km; 1,300 nm = 50 to 60 percent/km; 1,550 nm is greater than 50 percent/km). Some premium optical fibers show much less signal degradation -- less than 10 percent/km at 1,550 nm.

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3 0

3 years ago

Light waves have some similarities with water and sound waves, but they are not exactly the same. Describe all the differences y

makkiz [27]

Answer:

<h2>All the waves are pertubations that propagate (transport) energy.</h2><h2></h2>

Nevertheless, they have some differences:

1. Light waves are electromagnetic waves, while sound and water waves are mechanical waves, this is the first and principal difference.

2. Electromagnetic waves can propagate in vacuum (they do not need a medium or material), but mechanical waves obligatory need a material to propagate

3. Light waves are always transversal waves, this means the oscillatory movement is in a direction that is perpendicular to the propagation; but mechanical waves may be both: longitudinal waves (the oscillation occurs in the same direction as the propagation) or transversal waves.

4. Electromagnetic waves propagates at a constant velocity (Light velocity) while the velocity of mechanical waves will depend on the type of wave and the density of the medium or material.

5. Mechanical waves are characterized by the regular variation of a single magnitude, while electromagnetic waves are characterized by the variation of two magnitudes: the electric field and the magnetic field

6. Water waves are 2-dimensional waves, while the light and the sound are tridimensional spherical waves

7. Light waves transports energy in the form of radiation, while mechanical waves transport energy with material

3 0

3 years ago

How do I do this question?

Mkey [24]

a. 27

after that all you need to do is use the work formula as you will be able to acheive results

5 0

3 years ago

Humpback whales are known to produce a collection of elaborate and repeating sounds with frequencies starting at 20 Hz. The soun

jasenka [17]