The most abundant isotope is Gz-83 because the average atomic mass of Gz is closer to 83.
The average atomic mass is defined as the weigthed mean of the isotopes.
The mass of the isotopes is 80, 81 and 83 uma, respectively.
As the average atomic mass (82.74uma) is closer to the atomic mass of Gz-83 than the mass of the other isotopes, you can interpretate that the most abundant isotope is Gz-83.
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If it isn't using energy, it's called diffusion
Answer is: the combined ionic bond strength of CrCl₂ and intermolecular forces between water molecules.
When chromium chloride (CrCl₂) is dissolved in water, the temperature of the water increases, heat of the solution is endothermic.
Dissociation of chromium chloride in water: CrCl₂(aq) → Cr²⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq).
Energy (the lattice energy) is required to pull apart the oppositely charged ions in chromium chloride.
The heat of hydration is liberated energy when the separated ions (in this example chromium cations and chlorine anions) attract polar water molecules.
Because the lattice energy is higher than the heat of the hydration (endothermic reaction), we can conclude that bonds between ions are strong (the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions).
