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Answer:
3.24
Explanation:
The dissociation equation for the carboxylic acid can be represented as follows:
RCOOH —-> RCOO- + H+
We can use an ICE table to get the value of the concentration of the hydrogen ion. ICE stands for initial, change and equilibrium.
RCOOH RCOO- H+
Initial 0.2 0.0. 0.0
Change -x +x. +x
Equilibrium 0.2-x. x. x
We can now find the value of x as follows:
Ka = [RCOO-][H+]/[RCOOH]
(1.66* 10^-6) = (x * x)/(0.2-x)
(1.66 * 10^-6) (0.2-x) = x^2
x^2 = (3.32* 10^-7) - (1.66*10^-6)x
x^2 + (1.66 * 10^-6)x - (3.32* 10^-7) = 0
Solving the quadratic equation to get x:
x = 0.0005753650094369094 or - 0.0005753650094369094
As concentration cannot be negative, we discard the negative answer
Hence [H+] = 0.0005753650094369094
By definition, pH = -log[H+]
pH = -log(0.0005753650094369094)
pH = 3.24
Explanation:
Unsustainable way of managing resources means using resources in an unjustifiable manner, using without keeping in the needs for future generations. That is disobeying the principles of sustainability.
For examples release of toxic industrial wastes in rivers and thus, polluting it. Or, Deforestation of land for agricultural or industrial purposes. Thus, reducing the oxygen carrying capacity of Earth.
Answer:
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