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ruslelena [56]
3 years ago
15

50.0 mL of a solution of HCl is combined with 100.0 mL of 1.05M NaOH in a calorimeter. The reaction mixture is initially at 22.4

degree C, and the final temperature after reaction is 30.2 degree C. What is the molarity of the HCl solution? You may assume that there is an excess of base (so that all the HCl has reacted), that the specific heat of the reaction mixture is 0.96 cal/g degree C, and that the density of the reaction mixture is 1.02 g/mL. The heat of neutralization of HC1 and NaOH is 13.6 kcal/mole.
Chemistry
1 answer:
VikaD [51]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

2.1 M is the molarity of the HCl solution.

Explanation:

HCl+NaOH\rightarrow H_2O+NaCl

Molarity of HCl solution = M_1=?

Volume of HCl solution = V_1=50.0mL

Ionizable hydrogen ions in HCl = n_1=1

Molarity of NaOH solution = M_2=1.05 M

Volume of NaOH solution = V_2=100.0 mL

Ionizable hydroxide ions in NaOH = n_2=1

n_1M_1V_1=n_2M_2V_2 (neutralization )

M_1=\frac{M_2V_2}{V_1}=\frac{1.05M\times 100.0 mL}{50.0 mL}

M_1=2.1 M

2.1 M is the molarity of the HCl solution.

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C₁₀H₈O + COCl₂  → C₁₁H₇O₂Cl + HCl

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                     C₁₀H₈O       :         C₁₁H₇O₂Cl

                        1               :                1

                       1734.1         :             1734.1

Mass of C₁₁H₇O₂Cl:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass = 1734.1 mol × 206.5 g/mol

Mass = 358091.65 g

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1 kg×358091.65 g/ 1000 g  = 358.1 kg

B. If 100. g of naphthol and 100. g of phosgene react, what is the theoretical yield of C11H7O2Cl?

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Mass of naphthol = 100 g

Mass of COCl₂ = 100 g

Theoretical yield of C₁₁H₇O₂Cl = ?

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Number of moles of naphthol = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles of naphthol = 100 g/ 144.17 g/mol

Number of moles of naphthol = 0.694 mol

Number of moles of phosgene:

Number of moles  = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles =  100 g/ 99 g/mol

Number of moles = 1.0 mol

Now we will compare the moles of naphthol and phosgene with C₁₁H₇O₂Cl.

                     C₁₀H₈O        :         C₁₁H₇O₂Cl

                        1                :                1

                       0.694        :              0.694

                    COCl₂          :             C₁₁H₇O₂Cl

                        1                :                1

                       1.0              :              1.0

The number of moles of C₁₁H₇O₂Cl produced by C₁₀H₈O are less so it will limiting reactant and limit the yield of  C₁₁H₇O₂Cl.

Mass of C₁₁H₇O₂Cl:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass =  0.694 mol × 206.5 g/mol

Mass = 143.3 g

Theoretical yield  =  143.3 g

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Actual yield of C₁₁H₇O₂Cl = 118 g

Theoretical yield = 143.3 g

Percent yield = ?

Solution:

Formula :

Percent yield = actual yield / theoretical yield × 100

Now we will put the values in formula.

Percent yield = 118 g/ 143.3 g × 100

Percent yield = 0.82 × 100

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