A gaseous compound containing hydrogen and carbon is decomposed and found to contain 82.66 % carbon and 17.34 % hydrogen by mass
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The dominant species present in water if the ph is held constant at ph = 8 is .
The pH scale is used in chemistry to determine whether an aqueous solution is basic or acidic. Historically, pH stood for "potential of hydrogen." The pH values of acidic solutions are typically lower than those of basic or alkaline solutions.
A solution's pH is a significant indicator of its chemical composition. The pH can affect how readily available nutrients are, how biological processes work, how bacteria behave, and how chemicals behave. The negative log base 10 of the hydronium concentration is used to define pH. The pH is a logarithmic indicator of how many hydrogen ions are present in a solution. Since pH is measured on a log scale, a pH increase of 1 equates to a 10x increase in the concentration of H+ ions.
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Answer : The initial mass of the sample is, 31.9 mg
Explanation :
Half-life = 4 days
First we have to calculate the rate constant, we use the formula :
Now we have to calculate the initial mass of sample.
Expression for rate law for first order kinetics is given by:
where,
k = rate constant =
t = time passed by the sample = 12 days
a = initial amount of the reactant = ?
a - x = amount left after decay process = 4 mg
Now put all the given values in above equation, we get
Therefore, the initial mass of the sample is, 31.9 mg
Blank #1: Polyatomic
Blank #2: 2 (see explanation)
Blank #3: 1 (see explanation)
<h3>Explanation</h3>Both the ammonium ion and the sulfate ion
contain more than one atom in each ion. The two species are thus <em>polyatomic</em>. The chloride ion
, for example, is <em>monoatomic</em>.
Superscripts above formulae of the ions indicate their charge. Each ammonium ion carries a positive one (+1) charge. Each sulfate ion carries a charge of negative two (-2).
Ammonium sulfate is an ionic compound. A sample of this compound contain myriads of ammonium ions and sulfate ions. The ions are packed in three-dimensional lattices. Thus unlike water, ammonium sulfate does not exist as molecules in nature.
Assuming that the second and third blanks refers to a formula unit, rather than a molecule, of ammonium sulfate. The empirical formula of ammonium sulfate gives the minimum whole-number ratio between the two ions in a sample.
Charges shall balance between the two ions. Ammonium ions are of charge +1. Sulfate ions are of charge -2. The sample shall thus contain two ammonium ions for every one sulfate ion.
The empirical formula of ammonium sulfate is therefore .
There are thus two ammonium ions and one sulfate ion
in each formula unit of ammonium sulfate.