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4 years ago

PLEASE ASAP

Chemistry

1 answer:

QveST [7]4 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Ca2+ represents an ion with 20 protons and 18 electrons.

Explanation:

A calcium atom has 20 protons and 20 electrons. The 2+ charge next to the symbol indicates a loss of two electrons: 20-2=18.

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The mass sample of nicotine combusted = 2.625 mg (given)

Mass of $CO_2$ produced = 7.1210 mg (given)

Mass of $H_2O$ produced = 2.042 mg (given)

Molar mass of $CO_2$ = 44 g/mol

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Percentage of Carbon = $\frac{12 g}{44 g/mol}\times \frac{7.120 mg of CO_2}{2.625 mg sample}\times 100 = 74.04$ %

Percentage of hydrogen = $\frac{2 g}{18 g/mol}\times \frac{2.04 mg of H_2O}{2.625 mg sample}\times 100 = 8.62$ %

Now, for percentage of nitrogen = $100 - (74.04+8.62) = 17.34$ %

Calculating the moles of each element:

$Number of moles = \frac{given mass}{Molar mass}$

For $C$

$\frac{74.04 g}{12 g/mol} = 6.17 mol$

For $H$

$\frac{8.62 g}{1 g/mol} = 8.62 mol$

For $N$

$\frac{17.34 g}{14 g/mol} = 1.24 mol$

Dividing with the smallest mole value to calculate the molar ratio of each element:

$C_{\frac{6.17}{1.24}} = C_{4.9} = C_5$

$H_{\frac{8.62}{1.24}} = H_{6.9} = H_7$

$N_{\frac{1.24}{1.24}} = N_1$

Hence, the empirical formula for nicotine is $C_5H_7N$ .

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