Answer:
3. Equal numbers of protons and neutrons
Explanation:
The nucleus becomes unstable if the ratio of protons to neutrons is less than 1:1 or more than 1:1.5.
The most stable nucleus has a neutron proton ratio of 1:1 which means that they can not release a neutron or a proton to decay.
Nucleus 3 is therefore the most stable.
The volume of H₂O = 5 L
<h3>Further explanation</h3>
Given
5L of H₂ and 3L O₂
Reaction
2H₂ (g) + O₂(g) ⇒2H₂O(g)
Required
The volume of H₂O
Solution
Avogadro's hypothesis:
<em>In the same T,P and V, the gas contains the same number of molecules </em>
So the ratio of gas volume will be equal to the ratio of gas moles
mol H₂ = 5, mol O₂ = 3
From equation, mol ratio H₂ : O₂ = 2 : 1, so :
![\tt H_2\div O_2=\dfrac{mol~H_2}{coefficient}\div \dfrac{mol~O_2}{coefficient}\\\\=\dfrac{5}{2}\div \dfrac{3}{1}=2.5\div 3\rightarrow H_2~limiting~reactant(smaller~ratio)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctt%20H_2%5Cdiv%20O_2%3D%5Cdfrac%7Bmol~H_2%7D%7Bcoefficient%7D%5Cdiv%20%5Cdfrac%7Bmol~O_2%7D%7Bcoefficient%7D%5C%5C%5C%5C%3D%5Cdfrac%7B5%7D%7B2%7D%5Cdiv%20%5Cdfrac%7B3%7D%7B1%7D%3D2.5%5Cdiv%203%5Crightarrow%20H_2~limiting~reactant%28smaller~ratio%29)
mol H₂O based on mol H₂, and from equation mol ratio H₂ : H₂O=2 : 2, so mol H₂O = 5 mol and the volume also 5 L
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