Answer:
Q₁ = 15.78 KJ
W = 5.76 KJ
Explanation:
First we find efficiency of this ideal Carnot engine:
Efficiency = 1 - T₂/T₁
T₁ = source temperature = 125°C + 273 = 398 K
T₂ = Sink Temperature = -20°C + 273 = 253 K
Therefore,
Efficiency = 1 - 253 K/398 K
Efficiency = 0.365 = 36.5%
Now, we find expelled heat (Q₂), by using latent heat of fusion of ice:
Q₂ = mH
where,
m = mass of ice melted = 30 g = 0.03 kg
H = Latent Heat of Fusion of Ice = 3.34 x 10⁵ J/kg
Therefore,
Q₂ = (0.03 kg)(3.34 x 10⁵ J/kg)
Q₂ = 1.002 x 10⁴ J = 10.02 KJ
Now, we use another formula of efficiency to find absorbed heat (Q₁):
Efficiency = 1 - Q₂/Q₁
0.365 = 1 - 10.02 KJ/Q₁
10.02 KJ/Q₁ = 1 - 0.365
Q₁ = 10.02 KJ/0.635
<u>Q₁ = 15.78 KJ</u>
Now, for work done we have the formula:
W = Q₁ - Q₂
W = 15.78 KJ - 10.02 KJ
<u>W = 5.76 KJ</u>
Answer:
D the lithospers and the athenosphere
Explanation:
They are the first crusts
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