The effects of agriculture and industry can be more harmful with the further loss of wetlands.

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Yes, it is true that the effects of agriculture and industry can be more harmful with the further loss of wetlands since industry usually requires large amounts of land.

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In the shadow of a tree with a dense, leafy canopy, one sees a number of light spots. Surprisingly, they all appear to be circul

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The characteristics of the diffraction phenomenon allow to find the result for the shape of the points of light that you pass the tree is:

The shape of the dots is circular because it is in the range of far-field diffraction.

Diffraction is the phenomenon where the undulatory part of the light becomes evident, it is the interference of the waves that make up each ray of light, for this phenomenon to occur it must be fulfilled that the wavelength is of the order of the space where pass the light.

In the leafy tree it has many leaves, but there are spaces between them, some of these spaces are small and it fulfills the diffraction condition, therefore we see bright spots and not a continuous shadow.

Diffraction can be classified depending on the distance to the observer:

Near field or fresnel. In this case the distance from the observer is small and we can see the shape of the object that creates the diffraction.

Far field or Fraunhoger. In this case the distance between the obstacle (leaves) and the person is great, here the information on the shape of things is lost and we have two observable forms. Lines for the case of slits and circles for the case of objects with a closed shape.

In this case, the distance from the leaves to the observer is large, therefore we are in the case of far-field diffraction and since the edge of the leaves that forms the diffraction is closed, the observable shape is a circle.

In conclusion using the characteristics of the diffraction phenomenon we can find the result for the shape of the points of light that pass the tree is: