A heat engine does 200 j of work per cycle while exhausting 600 j of heat to the cold reservoir. what is the engine's thermal ef
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Answer:
9.73 x 10⁻¹⁰ m
Explanation:
According to Heisenberg uncertainty principle
Uncertainty in position x uncertainty in momentum ≥ h / 4π
Δ X x Δp ≥ h / 4π
Δp = mΔV
ΔV = Uncertainty in velocity
= 2 x 10⁻⁶ x 3 / 100
= 6 x 10⁻⁸
mass m = 0.9 x 10⁻¹⁵ x 10⁻³ kg
m = 9 x 10⁻¹⁹
Δp = mΔV
= 9 x 10⁻¹⁹ x 6 x 10⁻⁸
= 54 x 10⁻²⁷
Δ X x Δp ≥ h / 4π
Δ X x 54 x 10⁻²⁷ ≥ h / 4π
Δ X = h / 4π x 1 / 54 x 10⁻²⁷
=
= 9.73 x 10⁻¹⁰ m
There are two conditions necessary for total internal reflection, which is when light hits the boundary between two mediums and reflects back into its original medium:
Light is about to pass from a more optically dense medium (slower) to a less optically dense medium (faster).
The angle of incidence is greater than the defined critical angle for the two mediums, which is given by:
θ = sin⁻¹(/
)
Where θ = critical angle, = refractive index of faster medium,
= refractive index of slower medium.
Choice C gives one of the above necessary conditions.