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Ratling [72]
3 years ago
6

The following data were collected for the rate of disappearance of NO in the reaction 2NO(g)+O2(g)→2NO2(g)::

Chemistry
1 answer:
Anit [1.1K]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

a) The rate law is: v = k[NO]² [O₂]

b) The units are: M⁻² s⁻¹

c) The average value of the constant is: 7.11 x 10³ M⁻² s⁻¹

d) The rate of disappearance of NO is 0.8 M/s

e) The rate of disappearance of O₂ is 0.4 M/s

Explanation:

The experimental rates obtained can be expressed as follows:

v1 = k ([NO]₁)ᵃ ([O₂]₁)ᵇ = 1.41 x 10⁻² M/s

v2 = k ([NO]₂)ᵃ ([O₂]₂)ᵇ = 5.64 x 10⁻² M/s

v3 = k ([NO]₃)ᵃ ([O₂]₃)ᵇ = 1.13 x 10⁻¹ M/s

where:

k = rate constant

[NO]₁ = concentration of NO in experiment 1

[NO]₂ = concentration of NO in experiment 2

[NO]₃ = concentration of NO in experiment 3

[O₂]₁ = concentration of O₂ in experiment 1

[O₂]₂ = concentration of O₂ in experiment 2

[O₂]₃ = concentration of O₂ in experiment 3

a and b = order of the reaction for each reactive respectively.

We can see these equivalences:

[NO]₂ = 2[NO]₁

[O₂]₂ = [O₂]₁

[NO]₃ = [NO]₂

[O₂]₃ = 2[O₂]₂

So, v2 can be written in terms of the concentrations used in experiment 1 replacing [NO]₂ for 2[NO]₁ and [O₂]₂ by [O₂]₁ :

v2 = k (2 [NO]₁)ᵃ ([O₂]₁)ᵇ

If we rationalize v2/v1, we will have:

v2/v1 = k *2ᵃ * ([NO]₁)ᵃ * ([O₂]₁)ᵇ / k * ([NO]₁)ᵃ * ([O₂]₁)ᵇ (the exponent "a" has been distributed)

v2/v1 = 2ᵃ

ln(v2/v1) = a ln2

ln(v2/v1) / ln 2 = a

a = 2

(Please review the logarithmic properties if neccesary)

In the same way, we can find b using the data from experiment 2 and 3 and writting v3 in terms of the concentrations used in experiment 2:

v3/v2 = k ([NO]₂)² * 2ᵇ * ([O₂]₁)ᵇ / k * ([NO]₂)² * ([O₂]₂)ᵇ

v3/v2 = 2ᵇ

ln(v3/v2) = b ln 2

ln(v3/v2) / ln 2 = b

b = 1

Then, the rate law for the reaction is:

<u>v = k[NO]² [O₂]</u>

Since the unit of v is M/s and the product of the concentrations will give a unit of M³, the units of k are:

M/s = k * M³

M/s * M⁻³ = k

<u>M⁻² s⁻¹ = k </u>

To obtain the value of k, we can solve this equation for every experiment:

k = v / [NO]² [O₂]

for experiment 1:

k = 1.41 x 10⁻² M/s / (0.0126 M)² * 0.0125 M = 7.11 x 10³ M⁻² s⁻¹

for experiment 2:

k = 7.11 x 10³ M⁻² s⁻¹

for experiment 3:

k = 7.12 x 10³ M⁻² s⁻¹

The average value of k is then:

(7.11 + 7.11 + 7.12) x 10³ M⁻² s⁻¹ / 3 = <u>7.11 x 10³ M⁻² s⁻¹ </u>

The rate of the reaction when [NO] = 0.0750 M and [O2] =0.0100 M is:

v = k [NO]² [O₂]

The rate of the reaction in terms of the disappearance of NO can be written this way:

v = 1/2(Δ [NO] / Δt) (it is divided by 2 because of the stoichiometric coefficient of NO)

where (Δ [NO] / Δt) is the rate of disappearance of NO.

Then, calculating v with the data provided by the problem:

v = 7.11 x 10³ M⁻² s⁻¹ * (0.0750M)² * 0.0100M = 0.4 M/s

Then, the rate of disappearance of NO will be:

2v = Δ [NO] / Δt = <u>0.8 M/s</u>

The rate of disappearance of O₂ has to be half the rate of disappearance of NO because two moles of NO react with one of O₂. Then Δ [O₂] / Δt = <u>0.4 M/s</u>

With calculations:

v = Δ [O₂] / Δt = 0.4 M/s (since the stoichiometric coefficient is 1, the rate of disappearance of O₂ equals the rate of the reaction).

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If you start with 6 mol of nitrogen gas (N2+) what mass (g) of ammonia (NH4) will be produced?
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Answer:

204g of NH3

Explanation:

The balanced equation for the reaction is given below:

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From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of N2 reacted to produce 2 moles of NH3.

Therefore, 6 moles of N2 will react to produce = 6 x 2 = 12 moles of NH3.

Finally, we shall convert 12 moles of NH3 to grams. This is illustrated below:

Number of mole of NH3 = 12 moles.

Molar mass of NH3 = 14 + (3x1) = 17g/mol

Mass of NH3 =..?

Mass = mole x molar mass

Mass of NH3 = 12 x 17

Mass of NH3 = 204g.

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2 years ago
Adding 5.25 g of to 130 g of water in a coffee-cup calorimeter (with stirring to dissolve the salt) resulted in a decrease in te
xxTIMURxx [149]

Answer:

ΔHrxn =  - 1534.3 J

Explanation:

Given the assumptions and the formula for the change in enthalpy:

ΔHrxn = m x C x ΔT,  where

               m is the mass of solution given 135.4 g

               C is the heat capacity 4.2 J/g .K  and,

               ΔT is the change in temperature

we have ,

T₁ = ( 18.1 + 273) K = 291.1 K

T₂ = ( 15.4 +273) K = 288.4 K

ΔHrxn =  135.3 g x 4.2 J/gK x ( 288.4 -291.1 ) K = - 1534.3 J

After verifying our result has the correct unit, the answer is -1534.3 Joules, and the negative sign tells us it is an endothermic reaction decreasing the final temperature.

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