The heat Q transferred to cause a temperature change depends on the magnitude of the temperature change, the mass of the system, and the substance and phase involved.
Explanation:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/physics/chapter/14-2-temperature-change-and-heat-capacity/
In the diagram, the ship send sound(?) waves to the water, to determine if there is anything there. If there is something like a sunken ship shown in the diagram, the waves return in a shorter time hence you can understand if theres something or now. This is the principle of radars and sonars.
Answer:
The minimum speed required is 5.7395km/s.
Explanation:
To escape earth, the kinetic energy of the asteroid must be greater or equal to its gravitational potential energy:

or

where
is the mass of the asteroid,
is its distance form earth's center,
is the mass of the earth, and
is the gravitational constant.
Solving for
we get:

putting in numerical values gives


in kilometers this is

Hence, the minimum speed required is 5.7395km/s.
I'm not really sure what specific answer they're looking for, but if it's an open-ended question, then let's think about it this way...
A light year, is the distance it takes for light to travel in a year. If an object is 50,000 light years away, then by the time the light travels to us, 50,000 years has passed. We are looking at a 50,000 year old image of that object. (ignoring gravity and spatial expansion fun stuffs)
Answer:
The pressure corresponding to the absolute zero temperature is 0.997atm.
Explanation:
To solve this question, you draw a straight vertical line with the boiling point temperature and pressure on top of the line and the freezing point temperature and pressure on the lower part. The absolute temperature somewhere in the middle of the line with the pressure to be obtained.
So, we have;
0- (-19) / 100 - (-19) = P - 0.9267 / 1.366 - 0.9267
19 / 119 = P - 0.9267 / 0.4393
Cross multiply, we have
19 * 0.4393 = 119(P -0.9267)
8.3467 = 119P - 110.2773
119P = 118.624
P = 0.997 atm
So at 0°C, the pressure of the thermometer is 0.997atm.