<u>Answer: </u>The mass of sample that remained is 0.127 mg
<u>Explanation:</u>
The integrated rate law equation for first-order kinetics:
......(1)
Given values:
a = initial concentration of reactant = 0.500 mg
a - x = concentration of reactant left after time 't' = ?mg
t = time period = 28 s
k = rate constant = 
Putting values in equation 1:

Hence, the mass of sample that remained is 0.127 mg
Answer: The molarity of each of the given solutions is:
(a) 1.38 M
(b) 0.94 M
(c) 1.182 M
Explanation:
Molarity is the number of moles of a substance present in liter of a solution.
And, moles is the mass of a substance divided by its molar mass.
(a) Moles of ethanol (molar mass = 46 g/mol) is as follows.

Now, molarity of ethanol solution is as follows.

(b) Moles of sucrose (molar mass = 342.3 g/mol) is as follows.

Now, molarity of sucrose solution is as follows.

(c) Moles of sodium chloride (molar mass = 58.44 g/mol) are as follows.

Now, molarity of sodium chloride solution is as follows.

Thus, we can conclude that the molarity of each of the given solutions is:
(a) 1.38 M
(b) 0.94 M
(c) 1.182 M