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3 years ago

Describe the spin of carbon-14's valence electrons and explain how you came about your answer.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Snezhnost [94]3 years ago

8 0

we have to know the spin of valence electrons of carbon-14

There are four unpaired electron which are called as valence electron also.The spin of the four unpaired electron is either upfilled or down filled.

The ground state electronic configuration of C-atom is 1s²2s²2p² and one electron from 2s orbital gets excited to 2p orbital. The elctronic configuration in excited state is 1s²2s¹ $2p_{x}^{1} 2p_{y}^{1}2p_{z}^{1}$ .

The electron jumps because half-filled orbitals are more stable. Exchange energy is less than pairing energy.

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Consider this reaction at equilibrium at a total pressure P1: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) â†’ 2SO3(g) Suppose the volume of this system is c

oksian1 [2.3K]

Answer:

The new equilibrium total pressure will be increased to one-half to initial total pressure.

Explanation:

From the information given :

The equation of the reaction can be represented as;

$2SO_{2(g)}+O_{2(g)} \to2SO_{3(g)}$

From above equation:

2 moles of sulphur dioxide reacts with 1 mole of oxygen (i.e 2 moles +1 mole =3 moles ) to give 2 moles of sulphur trioxide

So; suppose the volume of this system is compressed to one-half its initial volume and then equilibrium is reestablished.

So if this process takes place ; the equilibrium will definitely shift to the side with fewer moles , thus the equilibrium will shift to the right. As such; there is increase in pressure.

Let the total pressure at the initial equilibrium be $P_1$

and the total pressure at the final equilibrium be $P_2$

According to Boyle's Law; Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to the volume, provided the temperature remains constant.

Thus;

P ∝ 1/V

P = K/V

PV = K

where K = constant

So;

PV = constant

Hence;

$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$

From the foregoing; since the volume is decreased to one- half to initial Volume; then ,

$V_2 = \dfrac{V_1}{\dfrac{3}{2}} ----- (1)$

also;

Thus ;

$P_1V_1 = P_2( \dfrac{V_1}{\frac{3}{2}})$

$P_1V_1 = P_2 * 2 \dfrac{V_1}{3}$

$3 P_1 V_1 = 2 P_2 V_1$

Dividing both sides by $V_1$

$3P_1 = 2P_2$

$P_2 =P_1 \dfrac{3}{2} ----- (2)$

From ;

$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$

$P_2 V_2 = P_1 * \dfrac{3}{2}* \dfrac{V_1}{\frac{3}{2}}$

$P_2 V_2 = P_1 * \dfrac{3}{2}* \dfrac{2 }{3}}*V_1$

$P_2 V_2 = P_1 V_1$

Thus; The new equilibrium total pressure will be increased to one-half to initial total pressure.

7 0

3 years ago

Alchemists were medieval scholars and philosophers who were the forerunners of modern-day chemists. many tried repeatedly to tra

AlladinOne [14]

Answer is: because they were using simple chemical reactions to transform elements, but that is possible only with nuclear reactions, which in that time were not possible to conduct.

Nuclear reactions can produce new elements, because number of protons and neutrons is changed, lead and gold have different atomic and mass numbers.

The electrons of an atom participates in a chemical reaction, chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of electrons, because there is transfer, loss, gain and sharing of electrons in chemical reactions, new elements are not formed.

8 0

3 years ago

Name two fluid technologies that make use of air.

MariettaO [177]

Answer: an air compressor and desk chair.

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago

The by-product of the chlorination of an alkane is

Elanso [62]

The by-product of the chlorination of an alkane is <u>HCl</u>

Explanation:

Chlorination is the process of adding chlorine to drinking water to disinfect it and kill germs. Different processes can be used to achieve safe levels of chlorine in drinking water.
Chlorination of alkane gives a mixture of different products.
When consider mechanism of alkanes chlorination, free radicals are formed during the reaction to keep the continuous reaction.
Different alkyl chloride compounds, extended carbon chains compounds and HCl are formed as products in product mixture.
Chlorination byproducts, their toxicodynamics and removal from drinking water.
Halogenated trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) are two major classes of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) commonly found in waters disinfected with chlorine
Chlorine is available as compressed elemental gas, sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl) or solid calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2

7 0

3 years ago

Someone plss help me!!!

NikAS [45]

Answer:

d. Cl2

sorry if I'm wrong

Cl2, as shown in the picture should have electrons in both the atoms but, in the question, the electrons are only in one of the atoms.

hope it helps :)

4 0

2 years ago