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Gemiola [76]
3 years ago
14

Rank the following solutions from least polar to most polar. Rank on a scale of 1-4: 1 being the least polar and 4 being the mos

t polar.
(a) 50% isopropanol/H2O,
(b) 25% isopropanol/H2O,
(c) pure water,
(d) 70% isopropanol/H2O.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Vlada [557]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The answer is given below

Explanation:

When electronegativity difference arises between the bonded atoms, then a molecule is polar.

When electros are shared equally between the bonded atoms or when the polar bonds in a bigger molecule cancels out each other, then a a molucule is non polar.

(a) 50% isopropanol/H2O,--- 2 (second least polar)

(b) 25% isopropanol/H2O,----- 3 (third least polar)

(c) pure water----- is 4 (most polar)

(d) 70% isopropanol/H2O. 1 (least polar)

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Answer:

rate = k[A][B] where k = k₂K

Explanation:

Your mechanism is a slow step with a prior equilibrium:

\begin{array}{rrcl}\text{Step 1}:& \text{A + B} & \xrightarrow [k_{-1}]{k_{1}} & \text{C}\\\text{Step 2}: & \text{C + A} & \xrightarrow [ ]{k_{2}} & \text{D}\\\text{Overall}: & \text{2A + B} & \longrightarrow \, & \text{D}\\\end{array}

(The arrow in Step 1 should be equilibrium arrows).

1. Write the rate equations:

-\dfrac{\text{d[A]}}{\text{d}t} = -\dfrac{\text{d[B]}}{\text{d}t} = -k_{1}[\text{A}][\text{B}] + k_{1}[\text{C}]\\\\\dfrac{\text{d[C]}}{\text{d}t} = k_{1}[\text{A}][\text{B}] - k_{2}[\text{C}]\\\\\dfrac{\text{d[D]}}{\text{d}t} = k_{2}[\text{C}]

2. Derive the rate law

Assume k₋₁ ≫ k₂.  

Then, in effect, we have an equilibrium that is only slightly disturbed by C slowly reacting to form D.  

In an equilibrium, the forward and reverse rates are equal:

k₁[A][B] = k₋₁[C]

[C] = (k₁/k₋₁)[A][B] = K[A][B] (K is the equilibrium constant)

rate = d[D]/dt = k₂[C] = k₂K[A][B] = k[A][B]

The rate law is  

rate = k[A][B] where k = k₂K

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