The answer is A. The main driver of the convention in atmospheric
circulation is the suns energy. When the sun heats the earth, the atmosphere directly below the sun gets heated more
and faster compared to other regions causing an area of low pressure. This hot
air mass rises and is replaced by cooler air masses (from high-pressure regions)
from neighboring regions. This, essentially,
causes winds and air currents.
The process is called Peer-Reviewing. In Peer-Reviewing, scientists/academic peers "peer review" the work of a scientist to check for accuracy or any false information that might reduce the legitimacy of their study or change "how realistic/real" their study is.
p.s. This is also common sense because scientists make up an entire scientific community who base their scientific studies on consistency and accuracy.
This is a typical example of R selection life strategy. These species, including the Atlantic cod, produce a large number of offspring with a low chance of surviving to adulthood. This strategy is particularly successful in environments that are unstable. The main advantage of this strategy in changing environments is that the ''cost'' of making offspring is very low, so you the species can produce large numbers offspring, ensuring that at least some of them will survive into adulthood and continue the species.
Natural selection, in this case, favors the individuals that are able to adapt the fastest to the changing conditions.