CH3CH2CH2CH3 < CH3CH2CHO < CH3CHOHCH3
Explanation:
Boiling point trend of Butane, Propan-1-ol and Propanal.
Butane is a member of the CnH2n+2 homologous series is an alkane. Alkanes have C-H and C-C bonds which have Van der waals dispersion forces which are temporary dipole-dipole forces (forces caused by the electron movement in a corner of the atom). This bond is weak but increases as the carbon chain/molecule increases.
In Propan-1-ol(Primaryalcohol), there is a hydrogen bond present in the -OH group. Hydrogen bond is caused by the attraction of hydrogen to a highly electronegative element like Cl-, O- etc. This bond is stronger than dispersion forces because of the relative energy required to break the hydrogen bond. Alcohols (CnH2n+1OH) also experience van der waals dispersion forces on its C-C chain and C-H so as the Carbon chain increases the boiling point increases in the homologous series.
Propanal which is an Aldehyde (Alkanal) with the general formula CnH2n+1CHO. This molecule has a C-O, C-C and C-H bonds only. If you notice, the Oxygen is not bonded to the Hydrogen so there is no hydrogen bond but the C-O bond has a permanent dipole-dipole force caused by the electronegativity of oxygen which is bonded to carbon. It also has van der waals dispersion forces caused by the C-C and C-H as the carbon chain increases down the homologous series. The permanent dipole-dipole forces are not as easy to break as van der waals forces.
In conclusion, the hydrogen bonds present in alcohols are stronger than the permanent dipole-dipole bonds in the aldehyde and the van der waals forces in alkanes (irrespective of the carbon chain in Butane). So Butane < Propanal < Propan-1-ol
Answer:
the degree to which they decrease CNS activity
Explanation:
Drugs can be classified as;
✓hallucinogens, example is (LSD)
✓ stimulants, example is (cocaine)
✓opium-related painkillers example is (heroin)
✓depressants
Depressants can be regarded as medicines, that lowers neurotransmission levels, that is depressing or reducing arousal or stimulation as regards to various areas of the brain. these could be tranquilizers, as well as hypnotics and
sedatives. They are drugs used in slowing brain activity, therefore, making them useful when treating anxiety, sleep disorders, panic and acute stress reactions.
Example of Depressants are;
✓Xanax
✓Halcion
✓Klonopin
✓Librium
It should be noted that Depressants are often classified according to the degree to which they decrease central nervous system (CNS) activity.
I dont get the question ???
Answer:
Electrons
Explanation:
Protons and Neutrons have an amu of 1
