In order to calculate the new freezing point, we must first find the depression. This is given by:
ΔT = Kf * b * i
where Kf is the cryscopic constant for the solvent, b is the molarity of the solution in moles per kilogram and i is the van't Hoff factor, which tells us how many ions will be released when a substance is dissolved.
Kf = 1.853, b = 1.5, i = 2 (Na⁺ and Cl⁻)
ΔT = 5.5 °C
The new freezing point will be 0 + 5.5
5.5 °C
Explanation:
According to the Bronsted-Lowry conjugate acid-base theory:
- An acid is defined as a substance which looses donates protons and thus forming conjugate base
- A base is defined as a substance which accepts protons and thus forming conjugate acid.
Suppose acid Ha is getting dissociated in its solution and after dissociation it donates its proton to water molecule and forms conjugate base. Where as water (acting as a base) accepts protons and forms conjugate acid.
HA = Acid
= Base
= Conjugate base
= Conjugate acid
For example:
Sulfuric acid dissociating in its solution to form conjugate base and conjugate acid.
Sulfuric acid = Acid
= Base
= Conjugate base
= Conjugate acid
Answer:
The longest wavelength of radiation with enough energy to break a carbon–carbon bond is 343.75 nm.
Explanation:
E = hc/λ
E: energy = 348 000 J / 6.022 x 10²³ = 5.7788 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
h: Planck's constant = 6.62607004 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s
c: speed of light = 299 792 458 m / s
λ: wavelength
λ = hc/E
λ = (6.62607004 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s x 299 792 458 m / s) / 5.7788 x 10⁻¹⁹J
λ = 3.4375 x 10⁻⁷ m
λ = 343.75 nm
Answer;
- Oxygen
-Ancient cyanobacteria released oxygen, which assisted in creating the atmosphere as we know it today.
Explanation;
-The oxygen atmosphere that we depend on was generated by numerous cyanobacteria during the Archaean and Proterozoic Eras.
-Cyanobacteria are aquatic and photosynthetic, meaning they live in the water, and can manufacture their own food. During the process of photosynthesis, energy from sunlight is used together with carbon (iv) oxide and water to form organic molecules that serve as nutrients for the organisms and also oxygen gas is released to the atmosphere.
