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3 years ago

11

The following diagram represents a vertical cross section of sedimentary rock layers that have not been overturned. Which princi

ple best supports the conclusion that these layers have undergone extensive movement since deposition?

1 answer:

coldgirl [10]3 years ago

3 0

Deposited in horizontal layers.

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3 years ago

Write a balanced half-reaction describing the reduction of aqueous vanadium(V) cations to aqueous vanadium(I) cations.

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Reduction takes place at the cathode.

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$V^{5+}(aq)+4e^- \rightarrow V^{1+}(aq)$

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4Fe (s) + 3 O2 (g) → 2 Fe2O3 (s)

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Explanation:

The number acquired by an element after the lose or gain of an electron is called oxidation number.

For example, $4Fe(s) + 3O_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2Fe_{2}O_{3}(s)$

Here, oxidation number of Fe(s) is 0 and Fe in $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ is +3.

Oxidation number of O in $O_{2}(g)$ is 0 as it is present in its elemental state.

The oxidation number of O in $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ is calculated as follows.

$2(3) + 3x = 0\\6 + 3x = 0\\x = \frac{-6}{3}\\= -2$

Hence, oxidation number of O in $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ is -2.

The loss of electrons by an element or substance is called oxidation. Here, electrons are being lost by Fe(s) as an increase in oxidation state is occurring. So, Fe(s) is oxidized.

The gain of electrons by an element or substance is called reduction. Here, electrons are being added to $O_{2}$ as a decrease in its oxidation state is occurring. So, $O_{2}$ is reduced.

An element or compound which is being reduced is called oxidizing agent. Here, $O_{2}$ is the oxidizing agent.

An element or compound which is being oxidized is called reducing agent. Here, Fe(s) is the reducing agent.

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3 years ago